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Cothern, C. Richard

doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-0473-7_1

Cited by 23 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The Environment protection Agency (EPA) in the United States reported "scientists estimate that from about 5000 to 20,000 lung cancer deaths per year in the United States may be attributed to radon" [11]. It has been reported by [12] that the dose absorbed by children in tranche bronchial region is twice as much as for adults. Therefore, there is a special interest in radon measurement in schools in different countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating Indoor Radon Levels and Influencing Factors in Primary Schools of Zulfi City, Saudi Arabia

Al-Ghamdi¹,

AlGarawi²,

Al-Mosa³

et al. 2011

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Measurement of indoor Concentrations were performed in Zulfi city of Saudi Arabia, using CR-39 track etch detectors .This investigation focused on the influence of different parameters, namely different locations, school categories, school building types, and room type as well as on the existence of differences in radon concentration at floor levels. We divided the Zulfi city into five regions, keeping in mind their geographical locations between Tuwaiq Mountains and Al-Thuwayrat sands. The measured average radon concentrations for regions 1-5 respectively are: 87.0 ± 14.2 Bq/m 3 , 83.4 ± 6.0 Bq/m 3 , 61.6 ± 6.4 Bq/m 3 , 63.7 ± 5.4 Bq/m 3 and 87.5 ± 6. Bq/m 3 and the minimum concentrations are 28.0 Bq/m 3 , 5.5 Bq/m 3 , 1.1 Bq/m 3 , 1.0 Bq/m 3 and 24 Bq/m 3 respectively. These results are still within normal limits and below the action level of 148 Bqm -3 set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). A test of significance using Minitab program was applied to investigate if radon levels in regions are significantly different from each other. We tried all combinations, and found the following results. The "within regions" (different location) test yielded, region 2 is not significant versus region" 1" (p=0.783) and versus region "5" (P=0.646) , whereas it is significant versus region "3" ( P=0.0160) and also versus region "4" (p=0.018). We investigated government and rented school's building also and none was found significantly different (p=0.052). Floors of the same building were tested in order to examine the radon concentration as a function of storey level. No significant difference was observed at floor levels (p=0.009). When girl's schools versus Boys and kindergartens schools were tested they were found significantly different. It is believed that this significant difference is due to geographical nature of the area, since most of the girl's schools were selected from regions 2 and 3, these regions are relatively close to the Tuwaiq mountains whereas other regions are near to the Al-Thuwayrat sands.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating Indoor Radon Levels and Influencing Factors in Primary Schools of Zulfi City, Saudi Arabia

Al-Ghamdi¹,

AlGarawi²,

Al-Mosa³

et al. 2011

AIP Conference Proceedings

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“…Many technical and scientific groups have measured indoor radon concentrations in homes and workplaces in several regions in Mexico [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12], (Table 1) using a variety of different measurement methods. The results of these studies (and other relevant studies to be explained below) form the basis for our estimations of the lifetime relative risks of LC induced by radon exposure for the Mexican population.…”

Section: Materials and Methods Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of epidemiological risk of lung cancer in Mexico due indoor radon exposure

Angeles¹,

Espinosa²

2014

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. In this work the lifetime relative risks (LRR) of lung cancer due to exposure to indoor 222 Rn on the Mexican population is calculated. Cigarette smoking is the number one risk factor for lung cancer (LC), because that, to calculate the number of cases of LC due to exposure to 222 Rn is necessary considers the number of cases of LC for smoking cigarette. The lung cancer mortality rates published by the "Secretaría de Salud" (SSA), the mexican population data published by the "Consejo Nacional de Población" (CONAPO), smoking data in the mexican population, published by the "Comisión Nacional Contra las Adicciones" (CONADIC), the "Organización Panamericana de la Salud" (OPS) and indoor 222 Rn concentrations in Mexico published in several recent studies are used. To calculate the lifetime relative risks (LRR) for different segments of the Mexican population, firstly the Excess Relative Risk (ERR) is calculated using the method developed by the BEIR VI committee and subsequently modified by the USEPA and published in the report "EPA Assessment of Risks from Radon in Homes". The excess relative risks were then used to calculate the corresponding lifetime relative risks, again using the method developed by the BEIR VI committee. The lifetime relative risks for Mexican male and female eversmokers and Mexican male and female never-smokers were calculated for radon concentrations spanning the range found in recent studies of indoor radon concentrations in Mexico. The lifetime relative risks of lung cancer induced by lifetime exposure to the mexican average indoor radon concentration were estimated to be 1.44 and 1.40 for never-smokers mexican females and males respectively, and 1.19 and 1.17 for ever-smokers Mexican females and males respectively. The Mexican population LRR values obtained in relation to the USA and Canada LRR published values in ever-smokers for both gender are similar with differences less than 4 %, in case of never-smokers in relation with Canada population the differences in LRR values are less than 2% and in never-smokers for the USA population the differences in LRR values compared with the Mexican population are about 10%.

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“…Furthermore, radon dissolves in water and may be transported through permeable and fractured rocks for long distances, where the gas may be released when groundwater reaches the surface. Radon readily enters the gas phase because of its low vapor pressure (Cothern, 1988). Therefore, radon does not persist in the water and has an aqueous half-life of 2 days (Vincolli, 1996).…”

Section: Radonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrological, geological, and biological site characterization of breccia pipe uranium deposits in Northern Arizona

2010

Scientific Investigations Report

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Cited by 23 publications

References 7 publications

Investigating Indoor Radon Levels and Influencing Factors in Primary Schools of Zulfi City, Saudi Arabia

Investigating Indoor Radon Levels and Influencing Factors in Primary Schools of Zulfi City, Saudi Arabia

Study of epidemiological risk of lung cancer in Mexico due indoor radon exposure

Hydrological, geological, and biological site characterization of breccia pipe uranium deposits in Northern Arizona

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