Prophylactic Bisphosphonate Treatment Prevents Bone Fractures After Liver Transplantation

Bodingbauer, Martin; Wekerle, Thomas; Pakrah, B.; Roschger, Paul; Peck‐Radosavljevic, Markus; Silberhumer, Gerd R.; Grampp, Stefan; Rockenschaub, S.; Berlakovich, Gabriela; Steininger, R.; Klaushofer, Klaus; Oberbauer, Rainer; Mühlbacher, Ferdinand

doi:10.1111/j.1600-6143.2007.01844.x

Cited by 50 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Rates of bone loss were significantly lower in the zoledronate group. In another randomized study, patients who received eight infusions of zoledronate (4 mg) during the first year after liver transplantation had significantly less bone loss and fewer vertebral fractures (8.5 vs. 22.5%) (33).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zoledronic AcidVersusAlendronate for the Prevention of Bone Loss after Heart or Liver Transplantation

Shane

Cohen

Stein

et al. 2012

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &Amp; Metabolism

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zoledronic AcidVersusAlendronate for the Prevention of Bone Loss after Heart or Liver Transplantation

Shane

Cohen

Stein

et al. 2012

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &Amp; Metabolism

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“…Alterations in bone mineral density have also been measured in male osteoporosis, idiopathic osteoporosis, patients with collagen I polymorphisms, 193 osteomalacia, 194 hypophosphatemia, Paget's disease, Bruck's syndrome, myopathy, renal osteodystrophy, 195 and liver transplantation. 196 All showed a shift to lower mineralization density, while pycnodysostosis, 197 hypoparathyroidism, osteopetrosis, and osteonecrosis all led to an increased mineralization density. 189 …”

Section: Demineralization (Hyper-and Hypomineralization)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Demineralization–remineralization dynamics in teeth and bone

Neel¹,

Aljabo²,

Strange³

et al. 2016

IJN

522

232

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Biomineralization is a dynamic, complex, lifelong process by which living organisms control precipitations of inorganic nanocrystals within organic matrices to form unique hybrid biological tissues, for example, enamel, dentin, cementum, and bone. Understanding the process of mineral deposition is important for the development of treatments for mineralization-related diseases and also for the innovation and development of scaffolds. This review provides a thorough overview of the up-to-date information on the theories describing the possible mechanisms and the factors implicated as agonists and antagonists of mineralization. Then, the role of calcium and phosphate ions in the maintenance of teeth and bone health is described. Throughout the life, teeth and bone are at risk of demineralization, with particular emphasis on teeth, due to their anatomical arrangement and location. Teeth are exposed to food, drink, and the microbiota of the mouth; therefore, they have developed a high resistance to localized demineralization that is unmatched by bone. The mechanisms by which demineralization–remineralization process occurs in both teeth and bone and the new therapies/technologies that reverse demineralization or boost remineralization are also scrupulously discussed. Technologies discussed include composites with nano- and micron-sized inorganic minerals that can mimic mechanical properties of the tooth and bone in addition to promoting more natural repair of surrounding tissues. Turning these new technologies to products and practices would improve health care worldwide.

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“…With treatment, BMD was stable at the spine and losses were reduced at the FN compared to controls. These authors also found a reduction in vertebral fractures with zoledronic acid treatment [292]. Liver transplant patients treated with intravenous ibandronate 2 mg every 3 months for 1 year also maintained spine BMD and had attenuated hip bone loss compared to controls.…”

Section: Intravenous Zoledronic Acid and Ibandronatementioning

confidence: 74%

“…Randomized trials with the more potent intravenous bisphosphonates, zoledronic acid and ibandronate, have shown significant protective effects on BMD at 6 and 12 months in recipients of heart [290], liver [275,291,292] and kidney [276,280,282] transplants. Fahrleitner-Pammer et al found that ibandronate prevented bone loss and reduced the risk of vertebral fractures in a group of male heart transplant recipients [290].…”

Section: Intravenous Zoledronic Acid and Ibandronatementioning

confidence: 99%

Osteoporosis in Organ Transplant Patients

Stein

Shane

2013

Osteoporosis

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As transplantation osteoporosis results from alterations in the bone remodeling system, a review of normal bone remodeling is helpful to understanding the pathogenesis of this disease. The bone remodeling cycle is an orderly progression of events in which old, microdamaged bone is replaced by new, mechanically stronger bone. The complete remodeling cycle at each remodeling site requires approximately 3-6 months. Bone remodeling occurs by two main processes, resorption [1] followed by formation [2], which take place on both cancellous and cortical bone surfaces. Resorption begins with activation of macrophage precursors to form osteoclasts, giant multinucleated cells that excavate a cavity on the bone surface. Osteoclasts express receptors for receptor activator of receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL), which is produced by osteoblasts and osteocytes, and for calcitonin, prostaglandins (PGs), calcium, and vitronectin (integrin α 1 β 3 ). Approximately 0.05 mm 3 of bone tissue is resorbed by each osteoclast, leaving small resorption pits on the bone surface called Howship's lacunae in a process that takes approximately 2-3 weeks. A brief rest period called the reversal phase follows. Next, local mesenchymal bone marrow stem cells differentiate into osteoblasts that are attracted to the empty resorption pits where they accumulate as clusters of plump cuboidal cells along the bone surface. Osteoblasts produce the collagenous and noncollagenous proteins that constitute the matrix of the newly formed bone and are responsible for mineralization of the matrix or osteoid after a period of maturation that lasts approximately 20 days. Osteoblasts express receptors for several hormones (thyroid and parathyroid hormones, estrogens, vitamin D 3 ), cell adhesion molecules (integrins), and cytokines. RANKL, receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB (RANK), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) are three members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand and receptor-signaling family that are final mediators of bone resorption [3,4]. RANKL is expressed in osteoblasts, osteocytes, and bone marrow stromal cells. When sufficient concentrations of macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) are present, RANKL binds to RANK, which is expressed on the surface of osteoclast lineage cells. This binding results in rapid differentiation of osteoclast precursors in bone marrow to mature osteoclasts, increased osteoclast activity, and reduced apoptosis of mature osteoclasts. RANKL is neutralized by binding to OPG, which is secreted by cells of the osteoblast lineage. Competitive binding of RANKL to either RANK or OPG regulates bone remodeling by increasing (RANK) or decreasing (OPG) osteoclastogenesis. Immunosuppressants exert their effects on bone remodeling by interacting with the RANK/RANKL/ OPG system [5].In healthy adults, declines in bone mass as a result of remodeling imbalance occur, but are small. When bone remodeling becomes "uncoupled," such that the rate of resorption exceeds the rate of formation, bone loss will occur...

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Prophylactic Bisphosphonate Treatment Prevents Bone Fractures After Liver Transplantation

Cited by 50 publications

References 32 publications

Zoledronic AcidVersusAlendronate for the Prevention of Bone Loss after Heart or Liver Transplantation

Zoledronic AcidVersusAlendronate for the Prevention of Bone Loss after Heart or Liver Transplantation

Demineralization–remineralization dynamics in teeth and bone

Osteoporosis in Organ Transplant Patients

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Prophylactic Bisphosphonate Treatment Prevents Bone Fractures After Liver Transplantation

Cited by 50 publications

References 32 publications

Zoledronic AcidVersusAlendronate for the Prevention of Bone Loss after Heart or Liver Transplantation

Zoledronic AcidVersusAlendronate for the Prevention of Bone Loss after Heart or Liver Transplantation

Demineralization&ndash;remineralization dynamics in teeth and bone

Osteoporosis in Organ Transplant Patients

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Product

Resources

About

Demineralization–remineralization dynamics in teeth and bone