Prophylactic vaccination against human papillomaviruses to prevent cervical cancer and its precursors

Arbyn, Marc; Bryant, Andrew; Martin-Hirsch, P; Xu, Lan; Simoens, Cindy; Markowitz, Lauri E.

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd009069.pub2

Cited by 74 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…In May 2018, the Cochrane Collaboration published its review of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines 1. The review primarily assessed the vaccines’ effect on precursors to cervical cancer.…”

Section: Key Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Cochrane review conducted trial searches up until June 2017 and included 26 randomised trials with 73 428 women 1. In January 2018, we published an index of the study programmes of the HPV vaccines that included 206 comparative studies 3.…”

Section: The Cochrane Review Missed Nearly Half Of the Eligible Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The only saline placebo trial of approved HPV vaccines is a Gardasil 9 trial (V503-006; NCT01047345) that was published in 2015 4. Its participants had previously been vaccinated with four-valent Gardasil, but according to the Cochrane review protocol,5 this was not an exclusion criterion. Since many countries are shifting to Gardasil 9,6 it is unfortunate that the Gardasil 9 trial was not included in the Cochrane review.…”

Section: The Cochrane Review Missed Nearly Half Of the Eligible Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In line with World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations,14 the Cochrane review was based on composite surrogate outcomes: ‘cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 and above [CIN2 + ], CIN grade 3 and above [CIN3 + ] and adenocarcinoma in situ [AIS]’ 1. The use of such outcomes seemed reasonable for a preliminary assessment of HPV vaccine benefits, but the outcomes can be difficult to interpret.…”

Section: The Included Hpv Vaccine Trials Used Composite Surrogate Outmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Cochrane authors reported that they made a ‘Particular effort’ to assess serious adverse events and performed a sensitivity analysis that gave them ‘confidence that published and registry or website-sourced data are similar for the same study’ 1. This seems unlikely.…”

Section: The Cochrane Review Incompletely Assessed Serious and Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

The Cochrane HPV vaccine review was incomplete and ignored important evidence of bias

Jørgensen

Gøtzsche

Jefferson

2018

BMJ EBM

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Section: Key Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Cochrane Review Missed Nearly Half Of the Eligible Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Cochrane Review Missed Nearly Half Of the Eligible Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Included Hpv Vaccine Trials Used Composite Surrogate Outmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Cochrane Review Incompletely Assessed Serious and Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The Cochrane HPV vaccine review was incomplete and ignored important evidence of bias

Jørgensen

Gøtzsche

Jefferson

2018

BMJ EBM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Prophylactic vaccination against human papillomaviruses to prevent cervical cancer and its precursors

Arbyn

Simoens

et al. 2018

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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369

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Primary prevention: a need for concerted action

2019

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The burden of cancer is increasing worldwide, and Europe is no exception in this regard. Cancer incidence rate for men in 2018, excluding nonmelanoma skin cancers, averaged over the 40 UN ‐defined European countries has been estimated as 436/100 000. For women, the estimated incidence rate is 332.6/100 000. Although mortality rates are declining in most European countries, the total number of cancer deaths continues to rise due to an increase in the number of older people in the age range when the cancer typically occurs. The increase in incident cases and cancer deaths increases the pressure on healthcare infrastructure and related costs, thus presenting a challenge to health service sustainability in countries. In the general population, there remains a perception of an ever‐increasing cancer risk. Hence, treatment alone is not a solution to address the cancer burden. At the same time, recent estimates of preventable fractions of cancer suggest that about half of all cancer cases could be prevented through rigorous implementation of successful prevention measures, among other actions, by following the cancer prevention recommendations of the European Code against Cancer. Smoking alone explains almost half of all preventable cancers, and the scattered way of implementing tobacco control in Europe with still increasing numbers of lung cancers in women demonstrates the gap between prevention potential and effectively implemented prevention. Cancer prevention clearly needs more resources, stronger support from decision‐makers and society, and a solid network to better speak with one voice. The newly established ‘Cancer Prevention Europe’ (Forman et al ., 2018 ) offers promising opportunities for the latter.

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Prophylactic vaccination against human papillomaviruses to prevent cervical cancer and its precursors

Cited by 74 publications

References 50 publications

The Cochrane HPV vaccine review was incomplete and ignored important evidence of bias

The Cochrane HPV vaccine review was incomplete and ignored important evidence of bias

Prophylactic vaccination against human papillomaviruses to prevent cervical cancer and its precursors

Primary prevention: a need for concerted action

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