Prophylactic vitamin D in healthy infants: assessing the need

Alonso, A; Rodrı́guez, Julián; Carvajal, Ignacio; Prieto, Ma Luz; Rodríguez, Rosa M.; Pérez, Ana Ma; Cepeda, Angeles; Nuño, F.; Santos, Fernando

doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2011.04.011

Cited by 33 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…This finding is consistent with former pediatric studies showing lower levels of 25OHD as the child's age increases [31,39,40]. It is also of note that serum 25OHD concentrations were higher in the group of infants younger than 24 months of age, likely as a result of the supplementation with vitamin D (400 IU/day) commonly recommended from birth to 18 months of age in our community and the consumption of foods fortified with vitamin D in infants (formula-fed, cereals), variables that likely influence 25OHD levels [9,41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Can vitamin D status be assessed by serum 25OHD in children?

et al. 2014

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Can vitamin D status be assessed by serum 25OHD in children?

et al. 2014

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“…Alonso et al [9] performed a randomised controlled trial in Northern Spain that did not show benefits from universal vitamin D supplementation in healthy children during their first year of life. In contrast to our findings breastfed infants had significantly lower vitamin D levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is controversial for sunny countries like Spain or Australia [6,9]. It is recommended to monitor 25(OH)D levels before starting vitamin D supplementation at doses higher than the recommended upper intake level for a longer period of time [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-sectional analysis of universal vitamin D supplementation in former East Germany during the first year of life

Siafarikas¹,

Deichl

Jahreis

et al. 2017

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Background: Universal vitamin D supplementation is controversial. Preventative examinations and public health initiatives in former East Germany that included vitamin D prophylaxis for children were regulated by official recommendations and guidelines. The aim of this study is to analyse the impact of a standardised nationwide guideline for universal supplementation with 400 International Units (IU) vitamin D3/day during the first year of life on clinical and biochemical parameters and the influence of surrounding factors. Methods: This is a cross-sectional analysis looking at data from a field study of 3481 term-born children during their first year of life that was conducted in 1989.

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“…However, findings from this setting would be generalizable to majority of other developing countries. 3 Imprecision: no serious imprecision as the Afghanistan trial was adequately powered to detect clinically important benefits with vitamin D. The 95% CI of the result is narrow and probably excludes clinically important benefits. 4 Downgraded by 1 for high risk of bias in Alonso 2011 due to unblinding, high/differential loss to follow-up and selective outcome reporting. 5 Downgraded by 1 for indirectness: data comes mainly from one trial in developed country limiting the generalizability of the estimate to developing countries. 6 The effect estimates are also imprecise with wide CIs. 7 No effect however meta-analysis could not be performed since Alonso 2011 reported the RR while Manaseki-Holland 2012 reported the HR. 8 Downgraded by 1 for imprecision: the estimate varies from 0.50 to over 14.00 ng/mL increase.…”

Section: Summary Of Findings For the Main Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D supplementation for preventing infections in children under five years of age

Yakoob

Salam

Khan

et al. 2016

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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Background Vitamin D is a micronutrient important for bone growth and immune function. Deficiency can lead to rickets and has been linked to various infections, including respiratory infections. The evidence on the effects of supplementation on infections in children has not been assessed systematically. Objectives To evaluate the role of vitamin D supplementation in preventing pneumonia, tuberculosis (TB), diarrhoea, and malaria in children under five years of age. This includes high‐, middle‐, and low‐income countries. Search methods We searched the Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group Specialized Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP; ) , ClinicalTrials.gov and the ISRCTN registry (http://www.isrctn.com/) up to 16 June 2016. Selection criteria We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated preventive supplementation of vitamin D (versus placebo or no intervention) in children under five years of age. Data collection and analysis Two review authors independently screened the titles and abstracts, extracted the data, and assessed the risk of bias of included trials. Main results Four trials met the inclusion criteria, with a total of 3198 children under five years of age, and were conducted in Afghanistan, Spain, and the USA. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency varied widely in these populations (range: 73.1% in Afghanistan, 10 to 12% in USA, and 6.2% in Spain). The included trials evaluated mortality (two trials), pneumonia incidence (two trials), diarrhoea incidence (two trials), hospitalization (two trials), and mean serum vitamin D concentrations (four trials). We do not know whether vitamin D supplementation impacts on all‐cause mortality because this outcome was underpowered due to few events (risk ratio (RR) 1.43, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.54 to 3.74; one trial, 3046 participants, low quality evidence ). For pneumonia, episodes of 'radiologically confirmed' first or only episode of pneumonia were little different in the supplemented and unsupplemented group (Rate Ratio: 1.06, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.89 to 1.26; two trials, 3134 participants, moderate quality evidence ), and similarly for children with confirmed or unconfirmed pneumonia (RR 0.95, 95% CI 0.87 to 1.04; one trial, 3046 participants). In these two trials there were no obvious differences between supplemented and unsupplemented children regarding episodes of diarrhoea. In the single large trial from Afghanistan, the trial authors reported that vitamin D supplementation was associated with an increase in repeat episodes of pneumonia confirmed by chest radiograph (RR 1.69, 95% CI 1.28 to 2.21; one t...

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Prophylactic vitamin D in healthy infants: assessing the need

Cited by 33 publications

References 48 publications

Can vitamin D status be assessed by serum 25OHD in children?

Can vitamin D status be assessed by serum 25OHD in children?

Cross-sectional analysis of universal vitamin D supplementation in former East Germany during the first year of life

Vitamin D supplementation for preventing infections in children under five years of age

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