“…Another Andean grain that originates from Peru and seems promising in the development of gluten‐free products is tarwi ( Lupinus mutabilis ) (Atchison et al ., 2016; Vidaurre‐Ruiz et al ., 2019b). This grain has a higher protein content (57.4–52.9%) than the other European commercial lupine species ( L. angustifolius, L. albus and L. luteus ), which may contain between 33.8–39% protein (Ballester et al ., 1980; Lqari et al ., 2002; Rosell et al ., 2009; Vidaurre‐Ruiz et al ., 2019b). It is known that the techno‐functional properties, such as solubility, water retention capacity and foaming capacity of legume proteins, have significant effects on the properties of the doughs, making them attractive to improve the nutritional and physical quality of gluten‐free bread (Foschia et al ., 2017; Horstmann et al ., 2017; Boukid et al ., 2019).…”