Propiedades Psicométricas de la Escala de Creencia en un Mundo Justo General y Personal en el Contexto Argentino

Abstract

El objetivo del estudio fue analizar las propiedades psicométricas de las Escalas de Creencia en un Mundo Justo (CMJ) General y Personal. Por medio de análisis factorial confirmatorio se examinó la estructura interna de ambas, testeando si evalúan un mismo constructo global o si constituyen dos dimensiones diferenciadas. También se evaluó la consistencia interna de cada una, por medio de alfa de Cronbach, y sus relaciones lineales con las orientaciones religiosas. Por medio de un muestreo no probabilístico incidental, participaron 328 estudiantes universitarios de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina, con edades entre 18 y 40 años (M = 24,1, DT = 3,88). El 36,6% eran hombres el 63,4%, mujeres. Los resultados del estudio sugieren propiedades psicométricas adecuadas para ambas escalas de CMJ. Además, pudo observarse que ambas escalas indagan constructos independientes, aunque relacionados. Esto último se refuerza al analizar las relaciones entre ambos tipos de CMJ y las orientaciones religiosas. Por lo tanto, este trabajo brinda herramientas válidas y confiables para la evaluación de la Creencia en un Mundo Justo Personal y General en el contexto argentino.Palabras clave: creencia mundo justo, personal, general, orientaciones religiosas, propiedades psicométricasThe aim of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Personal and General Belief in a Just World (BJW) Scales. Through a confirmatory factor analysis, the internal structure of both scales was examined by testing if they measure the same global construct or if they constitute two different dimensions. The internal consistency of each scale was evaluated with Cronbach's alpha; also, their linear relations with religious orientations were tested. Using convenience sampling, 328 college students from the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina, were enrolled in the study. Their ages ranged from 18 to 40 years (M = 24.1, SD = 3.88); 36.6% were men and 63.4% were women. Results suggest appropriate psychometric properties for both BJW scales. In addition, it was observed that both scales refer to independent but related constructs. This finding is reinforeced by analyzing the relation between both types of BJW and religious orientations. Therefore, this study provides valid and reliable tools to evaluate the Personal and General BJW in Argentina.Keywords: belief in a just world, personal, general, religious orientations, psychometric properties Las situaciones de injusticia resultan amenazantes para los individuos, por lo tanto, para mantener una sensación de control sobre el medio las personas necesitan pensar que en la vida se tiene lo que se merece. Así, esta creencia en un mundo justo

Adolescents’ conceptions of wealth and societal fairness amid extreme inequality: An Argentine sample.

“…This Spanish adaptation (Barreiro, Etchezahar, & Prado-Gascó, 2018) of the original scale (Dalbert, 1999) includes six items that refer to the belief that, in general, the world is a just place (e.g., “I believe that, by and large, people get what they deserve”). Answers ranged from 1 ( strongly disagree ) to 5 ( strongly agree ; α = .61).…”

“…Personal BJW. This Spanish adaptation (Barreiro et al, 2018) of the original scale (Dalbert, 1999), includes seven items that refer to the belief that what happens in the respondent's life is just (e.g., "I am usually treated fairly"). Answers ranged from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree; ␣ ϭ .77).…”

Development of Narratives and Belief in a Just World in Victims of Bullying Due to Sexual and Gender Diversity Issues

“…On the other hand, the scores obtained on the General and Personal Belief in a Just World Scale (see Table 5 ) were quite varied in relation to sociodemographic factors, experiences of bullying and unjustified school violence, and identity. Higher PBJW scores are obtained than GBJW scores [ 89 ]. In the PBJW, the scores obtained can range from 35 (maximum) to 7 (minimum); whereas, in the GBJW, the scores obtained range from 30 (maximum) to 6 (minimum) points.…”

“…Finally, the information collected on the last specific issue was contrasted with the Belief in a Just World Scale (Lipkus scale) [ 83 ]. Once the second interview model was defined, a new pilot sample was used again and its results were contrasted with the General and Personal Belief in a Just World Scale [ 89 ]. The objective of using a pilot sample again was to confirm that the changes applied to the questions collected the desired information.…”

“…Students with a high BJW feel less victimized and consider that the treatment they receive is fair both from their classmates and from teachers, as well as considering that the victims of bullying deserve to be in that situation because of their actions. Currently, Barreiro, Etchezahar and Prado-Gascó [ 89 ] affirm the differentiation of two dimensions in the BJW construct, the personal (BJWP) and the general (BJWG). The BJWP is situated in the belief of a fair world in personal events throughout life, in addition to considering the acts themselves as fair.…”