Proportionate Cardiovascular Mortality in Chronic Inflammatory Disease in Adults in the United States From 1999 to 2019

Shah, Nischay N; Wass, Sojin; Hajjari, Jamal; Heisler, Andrew C.; Malakooti, Shahdi; Janus, Scott E.; Al‐Kindi, Sadeer G.

doi:10.1097/rhu.0000000000001818

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…RA-related extra-articular manifestations and comorbidities are associated with exacerbated outcomes of the patients. Studies have demonstrated that respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases and neoplasms are the primary causes of death in RA patients [ 32 – 34 ]. The 1-year, 5-year and 10-year mortality of RA-associated ILD was 13.9%, 39.0% and 60.1% in a population-based cohort study [ 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of cigarette smoking on rheumatoid arthritis-associated lung diseases: a retrospective case control study on clinical and radiological features and prognosis

et al. 2022

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Our study aimed to investigate the clinical and radiological features and prognosis of male smoker patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We consecutively enrolled male inpatients with RA who received chest HRCT during hospitalization in Peking University Third Hospital from Jan 1st, 2012 to August 1st, 2021. 154 male patients with RA were eligible for analysis, of whom 76.6% ( n = 118) were current smokers or had a history of cigarette smoking. Compared to never-smokers, smoker patients had more respiratory symptoms, including cough (31.4% vs 5.6%, p = 0.002) and sputum production (26.3% vs 2.8%, p = 0.002), and a higher positive rate of rheumatoid factor (RF) (77.6% vs 58.8%, p = 0.030). A higher percentage of smoker patients showed emphysema (45.8% vs 16.7%, p = 0.002) and signs of lung fibrosis (51/54, 94.4% vs 7/13, 53.8%, p < 0.001) in those with interstitial lung disease (ILD, n = 67) on chest HRCT. The overall survival rate was different between smoker and never-smoker patients ( p = 0.031), but instead of cigarette smoking, lung fibrosis on HRCT was the risk factor for survival of our patients. In conclusion, male patients with RA who were current smokers or had a history of cigarette smoking presented more respiratory symptoms and a higher positive rate of RF. They also showed more emphysema and signs of lung fibrosis on chest HRCT. Cigarette smoking impacted on the overall survival as a confounding factor in this cohort of male patients with RA. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00296-022-05219-9.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of cigarette smoking on rheumatoid arthritis-associated lung diseases: a retrospective case control study on clinical and radiological features and prognosis

et al. 2022

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“…Importantly, dysregulations in the intestinal microbiome and immune system also affect other organs, such as the brain, promoting the development of neurodegenerative disorders ( 6 ). Moreover, there is currently no cure for chronic diseases, although medical advances in disease management significantly decreased mortality in the past decade ( 7 ). Still, 3 out of 5 people die due to chronic inflammatory diseases worldwide ( 8 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential of short-chain fatty acid epigenetic regulation in chronic low-grade inflammation and obesity

Kopczyńska,

Kowalczyk

2024

Front. Immunol.

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Obesity and chronic low-grade inflammation, often occurring together, significantly contribute to severe metabolic and inflammatory conditions like type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer. A key player is elevated levels of gut dysbiosis-associated lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which disrupts metabolic and immune signaling leading to metabolic endotoxemia, while short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) beneficially regulate these processes during homeostasis. SCFAs not only safeguard the gut barrier but also exert metabolic and immunomodulatory effects via G protein-coupled receptor binding and epigenetic regulation. SCFAs are emerging as potential agents to counteract dysbiosis-induced epigenetic changes, specifically targeting metabolic and inflammatory genes through DNA methylation, histone acetylation, microRNAs (miRNAs), and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). To assess whether SCFAs can effectively interrupt the detrimental cascade of obesity and inflammation, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current evidence for their clinical application. The review emphasizes factors influencing SCFA production, the intricate connections between metabolism, the immune system, and the gut microbiome, and the epigenetic mechanisms regulated by SCFAs that impact metabolism and the immune system.

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“…Herein, we sought to identify the pattern of PVD mortality that has evolved over the past 2 decades. For this, we used the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Wide‐Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research database 10 , 11 to identify the change in PVD mortality from 1999 to 2019 by racial background.…”

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confidence: 99%

Proportionate and Absolute Vascular Disease Mortality by Race and Sex in the United States From 1999 to 2019

Janus

Chami

Mously

et al. 2022

JAHA

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Background Despite the known significant morbidity and mortality associated with cardiovascular disease and peripheral vascular disease (PVD), contemporary data describing racial demographics in PVD mortality are scarce. Methods and Results Using the multiple causes of death file from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Wide‐Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research, we analyzed the trends of age‐adjusted mortality (AAMR) for PVD and its subtypes (aortic aneurysm/dissection, arterial thrombosis, venous thrombosis/disease, pulmonary embolism), by race and sex between 1999 and 2019. Of the 17 826 871 deaths attributed to cardiovascular disease, a total of 888 187 (5.0%) PVD deaths were analyzed during the study period (12.4% Black, 85.6% White). Between 1999 and 2019, AAMR for PVD decreased by 52% (24.8–11.8 per 100 000 people) in the overall population. Despite a decrease in the overall mortality across all race and sex groups, Black men and Black women continued to have higher mortality for PVD (1.5×), aortic dissection (1.8×), arterial thrombosis (1.3×), and venous thrombosis/disease (2.0×) mortality compared with White men and White women in 2019. While there was a 53% decrease in PVD among White individuals (AAMR 24.5–11.5 per 100 000), there was only a 43% decrease (30.0–17.1) in PVD AAMR in Black individuals between 1999 and 2019. The ratio of PVD AAMR increased from 1.2 (1999) to 1.5 (2019) in Black men/White men and from to 1.3 (1999) to 1.5 (2019) in Black women/White women. Similar trends were noted in aortic dissection (Black men/White men, 1.2–1.8; and Black women/White women, 1.5–1.7), arterial thrombosis (Black men/White men, 1.0–1.3; and Black women/White women, 0.9–1.3), and venous thrombosis/disease (Black men/White men, 1.7–1.8; and Black women/White women, 1.7–2.0). Conclusions In this retrospective review of death certificate data in the United States, we demonstrate continued significant disparities between Black and White populations in PVD mortality and its subtypes. Future studies should investigate etiologies and social determinants of PVD mortality.

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Proportionate Cardiovascular Mortality in Chronic Inflammatory Disease in Adults in the United States From 1999 to 2019

Cited by 11 publications

References 31 publications

Impact of cigarette smoking on rheumatoid arthritis-associated lung diseases: a retrospective case control study on clinical and radiological features and prognosis

Impact of cigarette smoking on rheumatoid arthritis-associated lung diseases: a retrospective case control study on clinical and radiological features and prognosis

The potential of short-chain fatty acid epigenetic regulation in chronic low-grade inflammation and obesity

Proportionate and Absolute Vascular Disease Mortality by Race and Sex in the United States From 1999 to 2019

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