Proposal and Validation of a New Functional Ambulation Classification Scale for Clinical Use

Viosca, Enrique; Martínez, José Manuel Lavié; Almagro, Pedro L.; Gracia, Antonio; González, Carmen

doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2004.11.016

Cited by 137 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The mean ambulation scale was 2.4 preoperatively and 4.4 postoperatively for Group I and 2.5 preoperatively and 4.1 postoperatively for Group II [17]. Ten of 17 patients in Group I had decreased needs for ambulatory aids, whereas seven of 17 continued with the same status.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Data parameters collected from the patients' preoperative medical records included age, gender, ethnicity, mechanism of injury resulting in TBI, mean time since injury, hemiplegic side, detailed physical and neurologic examination findings, assessment of ankle-foot deformity, preoperative orthotic and ambulatory aid needs, and ambulatory scale scores [17] (Table 1). In addition, preoperative gait analysis and dynamic EMG results were reviewed, which were part of the normal preoperative workup for patients undergoing correction for SEV ( Table 2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fixation Techniques for Split Anterior Tibialis Transfer in Spastic Equinovarus Feet

Hosalkar

Goebel

Reddy

et al. 2008

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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Equinovarus of the foot is the most common lower extremity deformity following traumatic brain injury. We evaluated outcomes of the split anterior tibialis tendon transfer (SPLATT) for correction of equinovarus in 47 patients with hemiplegic traumatic brain injury and specifically studied differences in outcomes with two tendon fixation techniques. Seventeen patients constituting Group I underwent fixation with one technique and 30 constituting Group II had another technique. Patients in both groups had appropriate procedures based on dynamic electromyography and gait analyses. Both groups were demographically comparable. All 47 feet were corrected to plantigrade position. Thirty-six of 47 patients became brace-free at final followup. There was a notable decrease in the use of ambulatory aids and ambulatory status improved in both groups. There were three fixation-related complications in Group I and none in Group II. Surgical correction of the spastic equinovarus with SPLATT, in the appropriate patient, with or without associated tendon procedures helps to achieve and maintain correction, improves the ambulatory status of the patient, and eliminates the need for bracing in as much as 77% of patients.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fixation Techniques for Split Anterior Tibialis Transfer in Spastic Equinovarus Feet

Hosalkar

Goebel

Reddy

et al. 2008

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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show abstract

“…These patients are able to walk in all types of irregular surfaces, including steps, stairs, ramps and curbs. 12 Therefore, the mobility is not a great problem, allowing the individuals to participate in rehabilitation programs and others physical activities. However, the patients in this condition are exposed to environmental hazards, which can compromises the balance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The information collected included demographic data, duration of disease, HTLV-I proviral load in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, practice of exercise, the use of walking aids, the number of falls and the occurrence of injuries related to falls in the last year. The Functional Ambulation Classification Scale (FACS) 12 was also applied. This scale is used to determine the different levels of walking ability (0 ¼ non ambulation; 1 ¼ non functional ambulation; 2 ¼ household ambulation; 3 ¼ neighborhood ambulation; 4 ¼ independent community ambulation; 5 ¼ normal ambulation).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Falls in patients with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP)

et al. 2012

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Study design: Cross-sectional study. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of falls in human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) patients and possible factors associated to their occurrence. Setting: Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Evandro Chagas, Fundac¸ão Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ) -Brazil. Methods: Thirty-six HAM/TSP patients able to walk at least 20 m were assessed by a questionnaire. Data regarding gender, age, duration of disease (DD), HTLV-I proviral load (HPL), frequency of physical activity (FCA), use of walking aids, functional ambulation level, the number of falls and associated injuries in the last year were reviewed. Multiple correspondence analysis was used to group characteristics of this sample according to the fall occurrence. Results: The prevalence of falls was 63.9% and we observed injuries in 47.8% of the cases. Four groups were identified in the descriptive analysis. One group was formed by faller individuals, men o60 years, independent ambulation, FCAX3 times per week and HPL o6.6 copies per 100 cells (group B). The other one comprised non-faller patients, women X60 years, restricted ambulation, DD X7 years, use of orthosis, FCA 0-1 time per week and HPL X6.6 copies per 100 cells (group D). The others two groups comprised individuals that did not use orthosis (group A) and those that FCA was two times per week and DD o7 years (group C). Conclusion: Falls occur in roughly two-thirds of ambulatory HAM/TSP patients and are associated with significant morbidity. Further studies with a larger number of patients are necessarily to identify risk factors in order to elaborate specific programs to prevent falls in this population.

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“…A clinical questionnaire was used to collect the characteristics data from individuals, such as socio-demographic information, TSP/HAM specific measures (disease duration, HTLV-I proviral load), number of falls in the last year, use of devices to walk and walking ability 17 . Disease-specific scales such as the Expanded Disability Status Scale 18 and the Insituto de Pesquisa Clinica Evandro Chagas disability scale 19 were also applied to evaluate severity in TSP/HAM.…”

Section: Outcome Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Home-based exercise program in TSP/HAM individuals: a feasibility and effectiveness study

Facchinetti

Araújo

Silva

et al. 2017

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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Objective To investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of a home-based exercise program in TSP/HAM individuals. Methods Twenty-three TSP/HAM individuals divided in two groups according to Timed Up and Go (TUG) score (<20s vs ≥20s) performed a 20-week home-based exercise program. The primary outcomes were exercise adherence, maximum voluntary isometric contraction of lower limbs (MVIC), Barthel Index and SF-36. Secondary outcomes were adverse effects and barriers to exercise practice. Results MVIC and the social functioning domain in SF-36 improved significantly in TUG <20s group. The individuals in the TUG ≥20s group improved significantly their physical functioning domain in SF-36. The total adherence to the 20-week home-based exercise program was 90%. There were mild to moderate adverse events related to exercise program. There were no adverse events related to MVIC test. Conclusions The home-based exercise program was feasible and effective in improving disability and quality of life in individuals with TSP/HAM.

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Proposal and Validation of a New Functional Ambulation Classification Scale for Clinical Use

Cited by 137 publications

References 13 publications

Fixation Techniques for Split Anterior Tibialis Transfer in Spastic Equinovarus Feet

Fixation Techniques for Split Anterior Tibialis Transfer in Spastic Equinovarus Feet

Falls in patients with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP)

Home-based exercise program in TSP/HAM individuals: a feasibility and effectiveness study

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