Proposal of Roseburia faecis sp. nov., Roseburia hominis sp. nov. and Roseburia inulinivorans sp. nov., based on isolates from human faeces

Abstract

Seven recently cultured bacterial isolates, although similar in their 16S rRNA gene sequences to Roseburia intestinalis L1-82T (DSM 14610T), were not sufficiently related for inclusion within existing species, forming three separate clusters in a 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic tree. The isolates, which were obtained from human stools, were Gram-variable or Gram-negative, strictly anaerobic, slightly curved rods; cells from all strains measured approximately 0.5×1.5–5.0 μm and were motile. Two strains belonging to one cluster (A2-181 and A2-183T) were the only strains that were able to grow on glycerol and that failed to grow on any of the complex substrates tested (inulin, xylan and amylopectin). Strains belonging to a second cluster (represented by M6/1 and M72/1T) differed from the other isolates in their ability to grow on sorbitol. Isolates belonging to a third cluster (L1-83 and A2-194T) were the only strains that failed to grow on xylose and that gave good growth on inulin (strains M6/1 and M72/1T gave weak growth). All strains were net acetate utilizers. The DNA G+C contents of representative Roseburia strains A2-183T, A2-194T, M72/1T and R. intestinalis L1-82T were 47.4, 41.4, 42.0 and 42.6 mol%, respectively. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, three novel Roseburia species are proposed, with the names Roseburia hominis sp. nov. (type strain A2-183T=DSM 16839T=NCIMB 14029T), Roseburia inulinivorans sp. nov. (type strain A2-194T=DSM 16841T=NCIMB 14030T) and Roseburia faecis sp. nov. (type strain M72/1T=DSM 16840T=NCIMB 14031T).

Analysis of endoscopic brush samples identified mucosa-associated dysbiosis in inflammatory bowel disease

“…The pathological role of the genus Escherichia has been shown in many studies of adhesive-invasive E. coli [3,4,33], and R. gnavus has been reported to contribute to the pathophysiology of IBD through its mucolytic activity [35]. The genera Faecalibacterium, Coprococcus and Roseburia are the main butyrate-producing bacteria belonging to the order Clostridiales [36,37], and play a beneficial role in maintaining gut health. Compositional changes in UC patients included an increase in the abundance of the genera Blautia, Veillonella and Bifidobacterium, and a decrease in the abundance of the genera Prevotella and Coprococcus.…”

Cryopreservation of artificial gut microbiota produced with in vitro fermentation technology

“…Nevertheless, the ability to grow on glycerol is not widely shared among members of the Roseburia  spp./ E. rectale group. Of 12 tested strains, only two strains of Roseburia hominis and one strain of Roseburia ceciola were able to utilize glycerol (Duncan et al ., 2006). The final glycerol concentration (2 mmol l −1 ), transferred with the inoculum in batch culture, was also likely too low to induce a substrate effect.…”

Incomplete recovery and individualized responses of the human distal gut microbiota to repeated antibiotic perturbation

“…This pattern contrasts with that of the taxa that most effectively distinguished between Cp-associated and non-Cpassociated samples, which were typically abundant at most sampling times and then decreased in abundance after Cp. The most prominent taxa differentiating between the two Cp responses were refOTUs affiliated with Bacteroides dorei, Akkermansia municiphilia, and several Roseburia species (a genus of butyrateproducing microbes) (16,17) as well as other known butyrate producers. Fewer taxa increased to a greater extent during the second Cp course than they did during the first, but among these refOTUs, there are also close relatives to the Roseburia species and to Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron.…”