Proposal of visual strength grading rules for Uruguayan pine timber

Moya, Laura; Domenech, Leandro; Cardoso, Andréa; ́Neill, Hugo O; Baño, Vanesa

doi:10.1007/s00107-017-1208-5

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In addition, in Uruguay pine plantations have been pruned, and therefore, there is a significant amount of wood free of knots and related defects (Bussoni and Cabris 2010). The aptitude of Uruguayan pine timber as structural material has recently been informed (Moya et al 2017). Arguably, the main drawback for the development of this industry is the lack of a market for the by-products of the mechanical transformation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of wood products from an added value perspective: The Uruguayan forestry case

Dieste

Cabrera

Clavijo

et al. 2019

Maderas, Cienc. tecnol.

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Uruguay has a forest resource of 1 million ha plantation of fast-growing eucalyptus and pine. Short-fiber pulp is the country second export product in value, but there is also a significant production of plywood and graded kiln-dried timber from both species, used mainly for appearance applications. However, the value chain of the wood industry is not yet fully developed, particularly for pine. This study classified different existing and potential wood products using added value as criteria, calculated at the industry level by adopting a system of inputs and outputs. Hypothetical plants to manufacture these products were technical and economically analyzed: thermally modified timber, cross laminated timber, laminated veneer lumber, pine timber, bleached Eucalyptus kraft pulp, pine bleached chemical thermo-mechanical, medium density fiberboards, oriented strand board and a power plant fueled with forest biomass. The data used for this study was obtained from the final project of undergraduate engineer students of the Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de la República, Uruguay, except for the eucalyptus pulp mill, which was proposed by the authors. The results showed that wood products obtained from logs that are the main objective of the plantation presented a higher added value than those manufactured from forest residues, thinnings or chips from the sawmilling industry. Solid wood products for appearance or structural applications are at the top of added value list, considering value added per product, unit of biomass or unit of forest land per year.The integration of the value chain of the products analyzed, linking solid wood products with panels or pulp, has the potential to boost the addition of value of the forest biomass in Uruguay.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of wood products from an added value perspective: The Uruguayan forestry case

Dieste

Cabrera

Clavijo

et al. 2019

Maderas, Cienc. tecnol.

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“…Since the sawmills do not make a commercial differentiation between trees coming from thinning (between 10 and 15 years) and those from clear cutting (at 24 years), a minor percentage of trees from the final cut were included in the sample. They were graded, following a previously published categorization system [35], with boards being designated as either: (i) “EC7”, which corresponds to strength class C14 [13], or (ii) “Reject” for structural purposes. Since knots are the main singularities that usually define the bending strength of softwood timber beams [35,36], these rejected boards were then re-graded according to a proposed new structural grade designated “CTH” (coniferous thinning), which permitted surface knots with a maximum diameter of up to 4/5 of the height of the board ( h ), and an edge knot diameter equal to the board’s width ( b ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Structural Performance in Bending of CLT Panels Made from Small-Diameter Logs of Loblolly/Slash Pine

et al. 2018

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The main objective of this work was to study the structural viability of using small-diameter logs of Uruguayan Loblolly/Slash pine, mainly from thinning operations, to design cross-laminated timber (CLT) panels. A visual grade named “CTH” (coniferous thinning) was proposed, and 45 specimens of sawn timber boards were tested, resulting in 51% lower bending strength than that of the minimum strength class C14. Subsequently, 20 CLT panels were manufactured and experimentally tested, the results showed that the bending strength of the CLT panels was 43% above that of the individual layers. Additionally, the structural performance of the CLT panels for use in floors was calculated, and the thickness-span relationship depending on strength class and imposed load are presented. Results showed than the use of CTH timber to design CLT floors implies a volume (m3/m2) 17% higher than that using C24 timber.

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“…Floor system as the major structural element in residential multi-storey wooden buildings regarding its volume mass has the significant potentials for being improved towards the sustainable structural element. Floor systems in multi-storey wooden buildings are now undergoing a revival in two different areas (Moya et al, 2017). On the one hand, the development of new Engineered Wood Products and, on the other, architectural and design innovation with improved overall sustainability (Russell-Smith et al, 2015) using both composite building materials and systems (Movaffaghi, Pyykkö, and Yitmen 2020) and low carbon footprint materials (Woodard and Milner 2016;Stocchero et al 2017;Balasbaneh and Bin Marsono 2018;Balasbaneh, Marsono, and Khaleghi 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-criteria decision analysis of timber–concrete composite floor systems in multi-storey wooden buildings

Movaffaghi

Yitmen

2021

Civil Engineering and Environmental Systems

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This study aims to present a multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) for comprehensive performance evaluation of the alternative design of timber-concrete composite (TCC) floor system. Considered objectives are serviceability and sustainability performance with associated criterion as (1) comfort class regarding springiness and vibrations, (2) architectural quality with associated criterion as open spaces, (3) environmental aspect with associated criterion as CO 2 emissions and (4) cost aspect with associated criterion as the total costs. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Complex Proportional Assessment (COPRAS) as the methods in the multi-criteria analysis have been combined for (1) determining the weighting of criteria based on the survey results, (2) verifying the consistency ratio of decision matrix made by experts and (3) for ranking and selecting the optimal concept design among design candidates. According to the results, the TCC floor with the span length of 7.3 m belonging to comfort class A has got the highest ranking. However, sensitivity analysis indicates that the TCC floor with a 9.0 m span length belonging to comfort class A shall be selected as the optimal concept design. The study contributes by developing a complete concept design tool for TCC floor systems using AHP combined COPRAS methods to handle both beneficial and non-beneficial criteria.

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Proposal of visual strength grading rules for Uruguayan pine timber

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

Analysis of wood products from an added value perspective: The Uruguayan forestry case

Analysis of wood products from an added value perspective: The Uruguayan forestry case

Characterization and Structural Performance in Bending of CLT Panels Made from Small-Diameter Logs of Loblolly/Slash Pine

Multi-criteria decision analysis of timber–concrete composite floor systems in multi-storey wooden buildings

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