Proposed Framework for Official Document Sharing and Verification in E-government Environment Based on Blockchain Technology

Abstract

Progression in Computer networks and emerging of new technologies in this field helps to find out new protocols and frameworks that provides new computer network-based services. E-government services, a modernized version of conventional government, are created through the steady evolution of technology in addition to the growing need of societies for numerous services. Government services are deeply related to citizens’ daily lives; therefore, it is important to evolve with technological developments—it is necessary to move from the traditional methods of managing government work to cutting-edge technical approaches that improve the effectiveness of government systems for providing services to citizens. Blockchain technology is among the modern technologies highly suitable for developing digital governance services, and its technological ability to sustain information stability is vital in digital governance systems since it improves integrity and transparency measures while preventing corruption. In this study, computer networking protocols are built to form a peer-to-peer network framework for managing official documents. using blockchain technology was built to illustrate how any element of government work may be developed using it. The suggested framework comprises the addition of a new official document, and the verification of an existing document. The system was created in socket programming using Java and tested the response times for many simultaneous requests. The system was tested using transactions per second (throughput) measurement. The result showed that the proposed system processed 200 document verification transactions within 50 seconds. In addition, the test of the proposed system presented the time required for document retrieval—about three seconds to answer 100 document retrieval transactions. Furthermore, the results of throughput were compared to the results of the same measurement of some popular applications such as bitcoin. And the result of the proposed system was within the average value of output throughput of the other compared applications.

Blockchain-based E-Government system using WebSocket protocol

“…However, access to private information is possible with the approval of the blockchain-authorized user. Ghani et al [14] proposed a framework that provides a secure and efficient solution for official document management in an e-government environment. The framework is designed to improve document management's efficiency, security, and transparency in public and private sector institutions.…”

“…Also, the proposed system has been evaluated using the transactions per second metric. Although the related works [13] and [14] had used the same metric, it could not be compared because the transaction size and the required processing are different.…”

A Survey of Blockchain in Governance: Framework Selection and Future Implementation in Indonesian Government

“…Blockchain technology is one of the modern technologies ideally suited for developing digital governance services. Its ability to maintain information stability is crucial in digital governance systems as it enhances measures of information integrity and openness to prevent corruption [62]. Blockchain-based governance also offers the benefits of precise services and improved collaborative processes with various broad fields or sectors to promote the modernization of capacity and governance [27] 2023 China Data Sharing Protocol [28] 2021 Saudi Arabia e-Government Saudi Yesser [29] 2021 Thailand e-Government DIA Thailand [30] 2022 Dubai (UAE) e-Government Dubai [31] 2020 European Union (EU) e-Government Lintas Batas [32] 2019 Russia e-Government [33] 2019 Dubai (UAE) e-Health [34] 2022 China Digital Public Services [35] 2023 China Supply Chain Data Governance and Government [36] 2021 China e-Government [37] 2023 India Government Blockchain [38] 2019 Netherlands Business to Government Blockchain (B2G) [39] 2021 Indonesia Cloud-Based Blockchain [40] 2021 Mexico Government Governance [41] 2022 Korea e-Government (BigChainDB) [42] 2023 China Environmentally Friendly Supply Chain [43] 2020 Iran e-Currency for e-Government [44] 2020 Dubai (UAE) Dubai Real Estate [45] 2021 Brazil Blockchain-Based Accounting in Brazil…”

Optimizing Blockchain Consensus: Incorporating Trust Value in the Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance Algorithm with Boneh-Lynn-Shacham Aggregate Signature

“…Blockchain technology has its origins in Bitcoin. Satoshi published the Bitcoin white paper in 2008, which proposed a peer-to-peer electronic cash system that is completely independent of a central institution 1,2 .…”