Proposed Sheffield quantitative criteria in cervical cytology to assist the grading of squamous cell dyskaryosis, as the British Society for Clinical Cytology definitions require amendment

Abstract

The study proposes Sheffield quantitative criteria to assist the grading of squamous cell abnormalities. Quantitative diameter NC ratio measurements, however, must always be accompanied by detailed assessment of qualitative morphological features and in particular those relating to nuclear chromatin. This is equally relevant to both two- and three-tier models.

The Size of the Nucleus Increases as Yeast Cells Grow

“…For instance, in cervical carcinoma, a high N/C ratio is a wellaccepted cytological indicator of an aggressive tumor and a poor prognosis (Slater et al, 2005). Despite hundreds of articles documenting correlations between nuclear size or shape and the progression of malignancies (Zink et al, 2004), there is no understanding of the mechanism by which the N/C ratio is set or why some cancer cells might have a larger N/C ratio than other cells.…”

Development and Application of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)

“…PS-OCT also enables the segmentation of structures based on common polarization properties and the determination of interfaces between different tissue segments based on changing polarization properties. Segmentation and image feature assessment was developed based on depolarization [20,103,[121][122][123][124][125] and birefringence [98,116,[126][127][128][129]. Practical examples of PS-OCT applications will be shown in the following sections.…”

“…In addition, D-FF-OCT may play an important role as a diagnostic tool as it can detect nuclei in large cells ( Figures 5E,F and 6). Nuclear size and shape is an important biomarker of cancer, with higher nuclear to cytoplasmic ratios in tumor cells [122,123]. The nuclei mainly appear black in D-FF-OCT, even though the inner dynamics of the nuclei are significant and usually faster than cytoplasm dynamics [110].…”

Challenging conventional risk assessment with respect to human exposure to multiple food contaminants in food: A case study using maize.

“…Nuclear size is important for cell function, suggested by the existence of a karyoplasmic ratio (ratio between nuclear and cytoplasmic volumes). Disturbance of this ratio has been associated with certain types of cancers, showing the ratio is crucial for cell integrity (Slater et al 2005;Zink et al 2004).…”