Propulsion Options for Primary Thrust and Attitude Control of Microspacecraft

Degroot, W.

doi:10.1016/s0964-2749(99)80027-4

Cited by 9 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Therefore, propulsion with 30% H 2 O 2 could propel the micro-AUV with an average velocity of 4.8 m/s and a distance of approximately 50 m with 20 mL of fuel (i.e., the amount of fuel that currently can be carried on-board the test device/vehicle) as compared to the 20 mL of compressed CO 2 that could propel the micro-AUV with an average velocity of 2.7 m/s and a distance of approximately 37 m. This bursting thrust is within the milli-Newton thrust range needed for attitude adjustment with micro/nanosatellites and micro-AUV propulsion for forward movement, hovering/loitering, or docking maneuvers. 7,73,74 Therefore, an H 2 O 2 -based propulsion system, with PNU-MFC catalysts, offers a relative inexpensive, simple (no mechanical parts such as propellers), and recyclable solution to micro-AUV propulsion.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platinum-Paper Micromotors: An Urchin-like Nanohybrid Catalyst for Green Monopropellant Bubble-Thrusters

Claussen

Daniele²,

Geder³

et al. 2014

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Platinum nanourchins supported on microfibrilated cellulose films (MFC) were fabricated and evaluated as hydrogen peroxide catalysts for small-scale, autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) propulsion systems. The catalytic substrate was synthesized through the reduction of chloroplatinic acid to create a thick film of Pt coral-like microstructures coated with Pt urchin-like nanowires that are arrayed in three dimensions on a twodimensional MFC film. This organic/inorganic nanohybrid displays high catalytic ability (reduced activation energy of 50-63% over conventional materials and 13-19% for similar Pt nanoparticle-based structures) during hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) decomposition as well as sufficient propulsive thrust (>0.5 N) from reagent grade H2O2 (30% w/w) fuel within a small underwater reaction vessel. The results demonstrate that these layered nanohybrid sheets are robust and catalytically effective for green, H2O2-based micro-AUV propulsion where the storage and handling of highly explosive, toxic fuels are prohibitive due to sizerequirements, cost limitations, and close person-to-machine contact. ABSTRACT: Platinum nanourchins supported on microfibrilated cellulose films (MFC) were fabricated and evaluated as hydrogen peroxide catalysts for small-scale, autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) propulsion systems. The catalytic substrate was synthesized through the reduction of chloroplatinic acid to create a thick film of Pt coral-like microstructures coated with Pt urchin-like nanowires that are arrayed in three dimensions on a two-dimensional MFC film. This organic/inorganic nanohybrid displays high catalytic ability (reduced activation energy of 50−63% over conventional materials and 13−19% for similar Pt nanoparticle-based structures) during hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) decomposition as well as sufficient propulsive thrust (>0.5 N) from reagent grade H 2 O 2 (30% w/w) fuel within a small underwater reaction vessel. The results demonstrate that these layered nanohybrid sheets are robust and catalytically effective for green, H 2 O 2 -based micro-AUV propulsion where the storage and handling of highly explosive, toxic fuels are prohibitive due to size-requirements, cost limitations, and close person-to-machine contact.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platinum-Paper Micromotors: An Urchin-like Nanohybrid Catalyst for Green Monopropellant Bubble-Thrusters

Claussen

Daniele²,

Geder³

et al. 2014

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…The precise requirements of DV are not well defined by the space agencies because of the lack of experience in 'micro space field'. One paper discussed the propulsion requirements for very small satellites [9]. First evaluations give the thrust level for micropropulsion ranging from 1 lN to 10 N. We can also find in that 10 kg class satellites may require 0.1-10 mN thrusters for typical on-orbit operations such as attitude control and orbit maintenance [1].…”

Section: Propulsion Requirements For Small Satellitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micropropulsion for Space — A Survey of MEMS-based Micro Thrusters and their Solid Propellant Technology

Rossi

2002

Sensors Update

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In the last two decades, advances in microsystems technology have made micro mechanics mature enough to envisage miniaturization in the space industry. The motivation behind this development is the reductions in mass, satellite costs and launch costs in parallel with an increase in the reliability and flexibility of satellites. A cluster of many small satellites, commanded from a mothership, or totally independent, will, without any doubt, reduce the risk of mission failure and increase mission flexibility. This revolution in the space industry will rely on propulsion system development to ensure the maneuvering and fine positioning of micro and nano satellites (defined as satellites with mass between 20-100 kg and under 20 kg, respectively). This paper is provides a stateof-the-art review of micro thruster technologies for space applications. the intention is to overview the different technical solutions under investigation in the micropropulsion field, to assess their merits and disadvantages and to try to identify the promising ones in relation to future missions needs. First, the principles of propulsion and basic concepts and equations useful in describing and comparing propulsion systems are described. Then, a review micropropulsion needs for space is made and the options and technologies available for propulsion are presented. An outline is given of the technological efforts made in miniaturizing propulsion systems through examples from current research programs and the different micropropulsion technologies are compared. After illustrating the assets of microsystem technology in the micropropulsion field by the detailed presentation of one particular micropropulsion option investigated at LAAS-CNRS, namely solid propellant micro thruster arrays, a short discussion is given of the capability of microsystem technology to serve micropropulsion needs.

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“…where T is thrust and (ṁ) is the mass flow rate, which is 0.93 g s −1 (50 mL min −1 51,52 Recent research has shown that nanostructured Pt is wellsuited for H 2 O 2 decomposition for nano/microscale propulsion. For example, nano/microscale Pt has been able to assist in propelling motion-controllable nanoscale vehicles 53 that can be propelled in a wide range of liquids including within oil contaminants.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platinum Nanoparticle Decorated SiO₂ Microfibers as Catalysts for Micro Unmanned Underwater Vehicle Propulsion

Chen

Garland

Geder

et al. 2016

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Micro unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) need to house propulsion mechanisms that are small in size but sufficiently powerful to deliver on-demand acceleration for tight radius turns, burst-driven docking maneuvers, and low-speed course corrections. Recently, small-scale hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) propulsion mechanisms have shown great promise in delivering pulsatile thrust for such acceleration needs. However, the need for robust, high surface area nanocatalysts that can be manufactured on a large scale for integration into micro UUV reaction chambers is still needed. In this report, a thermal/electrical insulator, silicon oxide (SiO2) microfibers, is used as a support for platinum nanoparticle (PtNP) catalysts. The mercapto-silanization of the SiO2 microfibers enables strong covalent attachment with PtNPs, and the resultant PtNP–SiO2 fibers act as a robust, high surface area catalyst for H2O2 decomposition. The PtNP–SiO2 catalysts are fitted inside a micro UUV reaction chamber for vehicular propulsion; the catalysts can propel a micro UUV for 5.9 m at a velocity of 1.18 m/s with 50 mL of 50% (w/w) H2O2. The concomitance of facile fabrication, economic and scalable processing, and high performanceincluding a reduction in H2O2 decomposition activation energy of 40–50% over conventional material catalystspaves the way for using these nanostructured microfibers in modern, small-scale underwater vehicle propulsion systems.

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Propulsion Options for Primary Thrust and Attitude Control of Microspacecraft

Cited by 9 publications

References 6 publications

Platinum-Paper Micromotors: An Urchin-like Nanohybrid Catalyst for Green Monopropellant Bubble-Thrusters

Platinum-Paper Micromotors: An Urchin-like Nanohybrid Catalyst for Green Monopropellant Bubble-Thrusters

Micropropulsion for Space — A Survey of MEMS-based Micro Thrusters and their Solid Propellant Technology

Platinum Nanoparticle Decorated SiO₂ Microfibers as Catalysts for Micro Unmanned Underwater Vehicle Propulsion

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Propulsion Options for Primary Thrust and Attitude Control of Microspacecraft

Cited by 9 publications

References 6 publications

Platinum-Paper Micromotors: An Urchin-like Nanohybrid Catalyst for Green Monopropellant Bubble-Thrusters

Platinum-Paper Micromotors: An Urchin-like Nanohybrid Catalyst for Green Monopropellant Bubble-Thrusters

Micropropulsion for Space — A Survey of MEMS-based Micro Thrusters and their Solid Propellant Technology

Platinum Nanoparticle Decorated SiO2 Microfibers as Catalysts for Micro Unmanned Underwater Vehicle Propulsion

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Platinum Nanoparticle Decorated SiO₂ Microfibers as Catalysts for Micro Unmanned Underwater Vehicle Propulsion