Prospective Associations of Parenting and Childhood Maltreatment with Personality in Adolescent Males

Abstract

This longitudinal study examines whether early experiences with caregivers between the ages of 10 and 12 are associated with later adolescent personality at age 16 using both parent and child reports. Lower positive parenting was prospectively associated with higher neuroticism and lower extraversion and conscientiousness for both parent and self‐reports of personality, as well as lower openness and agreeableness by parent report. Substantiated maltreatment was prospectively associated with greater neuroticism and lower agreeableness and conscientiousness assessed by parent report. Prospective associations were similar across Black and White participants. Positive parenting and, to a lesser extent, a lack of maltreatment were associated with adaptive personality profiles in adolescents, and associations were stronger for parent reports of personality.

Undergraduate Students’ Personality Traits: Relationship with Students’ Gender and Parental Socioeconomic Factors

“…In the international literature, the influence of socioeconomic indicators on personality traits (BF) has been widely confirmed (Cheng & Furnham, 2014;Cundiff et al, 2021;Hughes et al, 2021;Martin & Donnellan, 2021;Masud et all, 2019;Yáñez et al, 2017). However, few studies have addressed the personality characteristics of undergraduate students and their relationship to mother's and father's educational attainment and occupation (Jonassaint, 2011).…”

“…The connection of socioeconomic factors and personality traits has a wide field of theoretical approach and application (Hughes et al, 2021). It has been investigated decades ago until today (Cundiff et al, 2021;Masud et al, 2019). Parents' socioeconomic factors directly influence the formation of personality traits (Martin & Donnellan, 2021) and indirectly through mediation functions, such as parenting practices, care, abuse and parenting style (Cundiff et al, 2021).…”

“…According to the above in childhood and adolescence, parents' socioeconomic factors, income and educational level seem to influence the formation of personality traits (Cundiff et al, 2021;Martin & Donnellan, 2021;Yáñez, et al, 2017). The same is said to happen in adulthood (Jonassaint et al, 2009).…”

“…Takeuchi (2019) argues that socioeconomic factors influence children's cognitive and neurological development from birth. It seems that the socioeconomic level initiates intermediate mechanisms, through the way the parental role is exercised, thus influencing the formation of personality traits both in childhood and adolescence (Cundiff et al, 2021;Jonassaint, 2011). The various aspects of Agreeableness are subject to the ongoing process of development from infancy to childhood and then to adulthood.…”