Prospective cohort study of dental implant success rate in patients with AIDS

Abstract

BackgroundOral health care of patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) due to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a growing area of concern, taking into consideration the increased life expectancy of patients resulting from antiretroviral therapy. There is insufficient literature regarding the impact of dental implants in AIDS patients. This study investigated the long-term clinical outcome of implant placement in patients diagnosed with AIDS.MethodsThis monocentric study included AIDS patients with CD4 <200 cells/μL, age 18 years or older, and a minimum of one edentulous space requiring implant. All patients in the study were undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). HAART includes nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), protease inhibitors (PIs), and integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs). Typical treatment includes two different NTRIs, along with a third drug, either an INSTI, a PI, or an NNRTI. Bicon dental implants were placed in the patients after medical clearance and were followed up for 5 years. Bicon system implants were chosen because of availability and previous experience with this brand. Implant success criteria are defined as implants that had no clinical mobility at uncovering, no radiographic radiolucency, and allowed for loading and abutment placement. Implant success in AIDS patients was measured over a period of 5 years. Descriptive statistics were used.ResultsSixteen adults met the inclusion criteria (12 males and 4 females) with mean CD4 count as 141.25 (sd 35.5). Thirty-three implants were placed in selected patients. Average time to uncovering was 151 days (sd 25 days). Two of the three failures were maxillary implants in the anterior arch, and the third was in the mandibular posterior arch.ConclusionsThe study found a slightly higher failure rate of 10 % in patients with AIDS, compared to widely accepted failure rates in healthy patients at 5–7 %. With the advent of new medical therapies, even AIDS patients should be offered the option of root-formed implants as a viable alternative to fixed and removable prosthetics.

Peri‐implant soft tissue status and crestal bone levels around adjacent implants placed in patients with and without type‐2 diabetes mellitus: 6 years follow‐up results

“…It has been reported that complications in bone mineral metabolism are often manifested in patients with CKD compared with individuals without CKD. [33][34][35] We hypothesize that soft-tissue inflammation and CBL are significantly higher around adjacent implants placed in type-2 diabetic patients with other systemic diseases than patients with type-2 diabetes alone. 32 Similarly, a higher CBL around dental implants has been reported in patients with AIDS, CVD, and liver diseases compared with healthy controls.…”

Soft tissue status and crestal bone loss around conventionally‐loaded dental implants placed in cigarette‐ and waterpipe (narghile) smokers: 8‐years' follow‐up results

“…Systemic diseases such as AIDS and poorly‐controlled DM are prospect of peri‐implant diseases . Moreover, habitual use of smokeless tobacco products has also been associated with increased soft‐tissue inflammation and alveolar bone loss around natural teeth and dental implants .…”

“…In Systemic diseases such as AIDS and poorly-controlled DM are prospect of peri-implant diseases. 28,29 Moreover, habitual use of smokeless tobacco products has also been associated with increased soft-tissue inflammation and alveolar bone loss around natural teeth and dental implants. [30][31][32] In this presented study, stringent criteria for participants inclusion and for the exclusion were adopted such as patients with a history of ST product usage, and patients with immunosuppressed health statuses.…”

Survival of adjacent‐dental‐implants in prediabetic and systemically healthy subjects at 5‐years follow‐up

“…According to Kanjevac et al complications in bone mineral metabolism are occasionally in patients with kidney diseases compared with individuals without kidney‐related disorders. Likewise, CBL around dental implants has been reported among tobacco‐smokers and patients with AIDS, CVD, and liver diseases compared with healthy nonsmoking controls . We therefore speculate that tissue inflammation and CBL are significantly higher around ADI placed in immunocompromised patients and tobacco‐smokers compared with systemically healthy never‐smokers.…”

“…33 The Ozgur study 33 and liver diseases compared with healthy nonsmoking controls. [35][36][37] We therefore speculate that tissue inflammation and CBL are significantly higher around ADI placed in immunocompromised patients and tobacco-smokers compared with systemically healthy never-smokers.…”