Prospective Evaluation of a Molecular Marker Panel for Prediction of Recurrence and Cancer-specific Survival After Radical Cystectomy

Molecular profile of urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract: are pelvicalyceal and ureteral tumors different?

“…Since this marker panel was previously validated in bladder cancer (BC), we previously conducted a study to rule out significant differences in marker expression between BC and UTUC [15,16]. The results of our current study indicate that in this population, UTUC exhibits similar molecular expression of cell cycle and proliferative markers when stratified by stage, regardless of tumor location.…”

“…Bright-field microscopy imaging coupled with advanced color detection software (Automated Cellular Imaging System, Clarinet, CA, USA) was used for automated scoring. Cutoff points to determine alteration of the specified markers were determined previously [15,20]. Briefly, p21 was considered altered if immunoreactivity of staining was <10 %, p27 and cyclin E were considered altered when nuclear staining was <30 %, p53 was considered altered if nuclear activity demonstrated ≥10 % staining, and Ki-67 was considered altered if samples showed >20 % staining [15,20].…”

“…IHC on serial sections from the same paraffin-embedded tumor block was undertaken for p21 (Dako, Dilution 1:100), p27 (Dako, Dilution 1:300), p53 (Ventana, PD), cyclin E (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Dilution 1:400), and Ki-67 (Ventana, PD) using the Dako Autostainer (Dako North America Inc., Carpinteria, CA, USA) as previously described [15,20]. Bright-field microscopy imaging coupled with advanced color detection software (Automated Cellular Imaging System, Clarinet, CA, USA) was used for automated scoring.…”

“…We selected previously validated cell cycle and proliferative markers that have shown biologic and prognostic significance in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder [15]. To ensure that the markers are comparable between urothelial carcinoma of the bladder and UTUC, we previously conducted a study in which expression patterns of these markers were compared between urothelial carcinoma of the upper and lower urinary tract and no differences were shown [16].…”

ST6Gal-I Predicts Postoperative Clinical Outcome for Patients with Localized Clear-cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

“…A semiquantitative H-score for each sample was calculated multiplying the staining intensities (0: negative, 1: weak staining, 2: moderate staining, 3: strong staining) by the distributions (0: areas that were negative, 1: <25%, 2: 26-50%, 3: 51-75% 4:76-100%), and ranged from 0 to 12 (Wang et al, 2013). To estimate a cut point for dichotomizing ST6Gal-I expression into high versus low expression, we used the training cohort and chose the cut point that maximized the concordance index (Lotan et al, 2013). As a result, tumors with ST6Gal-I expression ≤2 IHC score categorized as "low"; those >2 IHC score were categorized as "high" (Supplementary Figure 1).…”