“…However, the majority assess only the future time period. These include the Future Orientation Questionnaire (Nurmi, Seginer, & Poole, 1990), the Measure of Perceived Life Chances (Jessor, Donovan, & Costa, 1990), the State Hope Scale (Snyder et al, 1996; Snyder, Lopez, Shorey, Rand, & Feldman, 2003), and the Life Orientation Test (Scheier & Carver, 1985), a measure of optimism. Two time attitude measures assess multiple time periods.…”