Prospective memory performance and its improvement in individuals with high schizotypal traits: Evidence from eye-tracking studies

Qin, Xiujuan; Liu, Jiali; Cui, Jian; Shi, Hailong; Ye, Jun-yan; Yang, Tian‐xiao; Wang, Ya

doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2022.09.004

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 48 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, the limitations of these studies include the indirect measures for the cognitive processing of PM and the focus limited on the period after PM cue presentation. As in previous reports 20 , 28 , we used the total fixation counts and the total fixation time for distractor words to directly reflect the effort and time put in cue monitoring in the task environment. Similar to the results in individuals with high schizotypal traits 20 , eye-tracking results also showed that the total fixation counts and total fixation time on distractor words in SSDs were lower than HCs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As in previous reports 20 , 28 , we used the total fixation counts and the total fixation time for distractor words to directly reflect the effort and time put in cue monitoring in the task environment. Similar to the results in individuals with high schizotypal traits 20 , eye-tracking results also showed that the total fixation counts and total fixation time on distractor words in SSDs were lower than HCs. As outlined in the multiprocess theory, non-focal PM tasks demand high levels of controlled attentional resources 19 , These eye-tracking indices reflect the deficient PM cue monitoring in SSDs, which may be explained by patients’ reduced attention resources 51 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results indicated lower PM accuracy and less PM cue monitoring in individuals with HSTs compared with LSTs. However, when the data were re-analyzed separately, the difference between HSTs and LSTs in PM accuracy only exits in the non-focal paradigm 20 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cue focality has not yet been systematically investigated in patients with schizophrenia. Nevertheless, the effect of cue focality on PM performance has been examined in college students with high schizotypal traits (HSTs) and or low schizotypal traits (LSTs) respectively 20 . The results indicated lower PM accuracy and less PM cue monitoring in individuals with HSTs compared with LSTs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The deficient cue monitoring and the facilitating effect of prosocial intention on prospective memory in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders

et al. 2023

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The study aimed to investigate the cognitive processing of prospective memory (PM) in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) by using an eye-tracking paradigm. In addition, the facilitating effects of prosocial intention (the desire to help others) on PM in SSDs were also examined. In phase 1, 26 patients (group1) and 25 healthy controls (HCs) were compared in an eye-tracking PM paradigm in terms of the PM accuracy and eye-tracking indices. In phase 2, 21 more patients (group2) were recruited, and a prosocial intention was introduced in the eye-tracking PM paradigm. Their PM accuracy and eye-tracking indices were compared with those in group1. The PM cue monitoring was indicated by the total fixation counts and fixation time on distractor words. In phase 1, group1 showed lower PM accuracy, fewer fixation counts and less fixation time on distractor words than HCs. In phase 2, group2 (with prosocial intention) performed significantly better than group1 (with typical instruction) on both PM accuracy and fixation time on distractor words. In both groups of SSDs, the PM accuracy was significantly correlated with both the fixation counts and the fixation time of distractor words. After controlling for the cue monitoring indices, the difference in PM accuracy remained significant between group1 and HCs but disappeared between group1 and group2. The cue monitoring deficit contributes to the PM impairment in SSDs. The facilitating effect of prosocial intention disappears after the control of cue monitoring, also indicating its critical role in PM.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The deficient cue monitoring and the facilitating effect of prosocial intention on prospective memory in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders

et al. 2023

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Schizotypy is a personality organization susceptible to schizophrenia-spectrum disorders ( Lenzenweger, 2006 ; Oestreich et al, 2019 ; Qin et al, 2022 ). It has been characterized by schizophrenia-like symptoms in the general population ( Ettinger et al, 2018 ; Polner et al, 2021 ; Raine et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Auditory P300 in individuals with high schizotypy: associations of schizotypal traits with amplitude and latency under different oddball conditions

Jue

Chen

et al. 2023

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to compare the characteristics of auditory P300 between non-clinical individuals with high and low schizotypal traits, and investigate the relationship between schizotypy and P300 under various oddball conditions.MethodsAn extreme-group design was adopted. After screening 1,519 young adults using the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ), sixty-three participants were chosen and divided into two groups (schizotypy group: 31 participants; control group: 32 participants). Basic demographic information was assessed and matched between groups. Depression and anxiety indexes were evaluated and controlled. The P300 component was evoked by an auditory oddball paradigm with different frequencies and durations.Results(1) The duration P300 amplitude at PZ site was significantly weaker in the schizotypy group than in the control group [F(1,54) = 7.455, p = 0.009, ηp2 = 0.121]. (2) In the schizotypy group, the latency of frequency P300 at PZ site under large-variant oddball condition was significantly correlated with total SPQ scores (rp = 0.451, p = 0.018) and disorganized dimension scores (rp = 0.381, p = 0.050). (3) In the control group, significantly negative correlations was found between the negative dimension score of SPQ and the frequency P300 amplitudes under small variant condition (PZ: rp = −0.393, p = 0.043; CPZ: rp = −0.406, p = 0.035). In addition, a significant negative relationship was found between disorganized dimension scores and the duration P300 latency at CPZ site under large-variant oddball condition (rp = −0.518, p = 0.006). Moreover, a significant negative association was found between the duration P300 amplitude at CPZ site under small-variant oddball condition and negative factor scores (rp = −0.410, p = 0.034).ConclusionIndividuals with high schizotypal traits were likely to have deficient attention and hypoactive working memory for processing auditory information, especially the duration of sounds. P300 effects were correlated with negative and disorganized schizotypy, rather than positive schizotypy. There were diverse patterns of relationship between schizotypal traits and P300 under different oddball conditions, suggesting that characteristics and parameters of target stimuli should be considered cautiously when implementing an auditory oddball paradigm for individuals with schizophrenia spectrum.

show abstract

Further clarification of cognitive processes of prospective memory in schizophrenia by comparing eye-tracking and ecologically-valid measurements

Li,

Wang,

Hou

et al. 2024

Schizophr

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this study is to compare ecologically-valid measure (the Cambridge Prospective Memory Test, CAMPROMPT) and laboratory measure (eye-tracking paradigm) in assessing prospective memory (PM) in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs). In addition, eye-tracking indices are used to examine the relationship between PM and other cognitive domains in SSDs patients. Initially, the study sample was formed by 32 SSDs patients and 32 healthy control subjects (HCs) who were matched in sociodemographic profile and the performance on CAMPROMPT. An eye-tracking paradigm was employed to examine the differences in PM accuracy and key cognitive processes (e.g., cue monitoring) between the two groups. Additional 31 patients were then recruited to investigate the relationship between PM cue monitoring, other cognitive functions, and the severity of clinical symptoms within the SSDs group. The monitoring of PM cue was reflected in total fixation time and total fixation counts for distractor words. Cognitive functions were assessed using the Chinese version of the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB). The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was applied to assess psychopathology. SSDs patients exhibited fewer total fixation counts for distractor words and lower PM accuracy compared to HCs, even though they were priori matched on CAMPROMPT. Correlation analysis within the SSDs group (63 cases) indicated a negative correlation between PM accuracy and PANSS total score, and a positive correlation with working memory and attention/vigilance. Regression analysis within the SSDs group revealed that higher visual learning and lower PANSS total scores independently predicted more total fixation counts on distractor words. Impairment in cue monitoring is a critical factor in the PM deficits in SSDs. The eye-tracking laboratory paradigm has advantages over the ecologically-valid measurement in identifying the failure of cue detection, making it a more sensitive tool for PM deficits in patients with SSDs.

show abstract

Prospective memory performance and its improvement in individuals with high schizotypal traits: Evidence from eye-tracking studies

Cited by 4 publications

References 48 publications

The deficient cue monitoring and the facilitating effect of prosocial intention on prospective memory in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders

The deficient cue monitoring and the facilitating effect of prosocial intention on prospective memory in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders

Auditory P300 in individuals with high schizotypy: associations of schizotypal traits with amplitude and latency under different oddball conditions

Further clarification of cognitive processes of prospective memory in schizophrenia by comparing eye-tracking and ecologically-valid measurements

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About