Prospective One Health genetic surveillance in Vietnam identifies distinct blaCTX-M-harbouring Escherichia coli in food-chain and human-derived samples

Abstract

Objectives: We performed a One Health surveillance in Hanoida region with a high-density human population and livestock production, and a recognized hotspot of animal-associated antimicrobial resistance (AMR)dto study the contribution of bla CTX-M -carrying Escherichia coli and plasmids from foodanimal sources in causing human community-acquired urinary tract infections (CA-UTIs). Methods: During 2014e2015, 9090 samples were collected from CA-UTI patients (urine, n ¼ 8564), pigs/ chickens from farms and slaughterhouses (faeces, carcasses, n ¼ 448), and from the slaughterhouse environment (surface swabs, water, n ¼ 78). E. coli was identified in 2084 samples. Extended-spectrum blactamase (ESBL) production was confirmed in 235 and bla CTX-M in 198 strains by PCR with short-read plasmid sequencing. Fourteen strains were long-read sequenced to enable plasmid reconstruction. Results: The majority of the ESBL-producing E. coli strains harboured bla CTX-M (n ¼ 198/235, 84%). High clonal diversity (48 sequence types, STs) and distinct, dominant STs in human sources (ST1193, n ¼ 38/ 137; ST131, n ¼ 30/137) and non-human sources (ST155, n ¼ 25/61) indicated lack of clonal transmission between habitats. Eight bla CTX-M variants were identified; five were present in at least two sample sources. Human and food-animal strains did not show similar plasmids carrying shared bla CTX-M genes. However, IS6 elements flanking ISEcp1ebla CTX-M eorf477/IS903B structures were common across habitats. Conclusions: In this study, animal-associated bla CTX-M E. coli strains or bla CTX-M plasmids were not direct sources of CA-UTIs or ESBL resistance in humans, respectively, suggesting evolutionary bottlenecks to their adaptation to a new host species. Presence of common IS6 elements flanking bla CTX-M variants in different plasmid backbones, however, highlighted the potential of these transposable elements for AMR transmission either within or across habitats.

Etiology and prevalence of ESBLs in adult community-onset urinary tract infections in East China: A prospective multicenter study

“…The study also proved that the animal-associated CTX-M-producing E. coli strains or bla CTX-M carried plasmids were not direct sources of ESBL-EC infections in humans. 30 No TEM-, VEB-, OXA-, PSE-, SFO-types ESBL are detected in the study, which are relatively uncommon in Enterobacterales. No known ESBL encoding genes are identified in 10 ESBL positive isolates, suggesting that there may be new ESBL genes.…”

Similar Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Retail Chickens and Poultry Farms

“…In addition, Hoek et al suggested that ST155 and ST10 were most often found in broiler farms (Van Hoek et al, 2018). Not surprisingly, ST155 was the most common in several reports (Foster-Nyarko et al, 2021;Nguyen et al, 2021). In addition, seven ST156 strains were found only on farms, and they may be hosts for the transmission of the carbapenem resistance gene bla NDM , as previously reported (Tang et al, 2019).…”

“…Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China, 2019). According to previous reports, for each ton food animals are produced, 318 and 140 g antibiotics are consumed in 2013 (Zhang et al, 2015) and 2018 (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R.…”

“…A ntibiotics have been used for decades in animal and poultry feed to promote growth and increase feed efficiency (Sugden et al, 2016;Wang et al, 2017a; Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China, 2019). The widespread use of antibiotics in humans and animals is the main cause of the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance (Sugden et al, 2016;Van Boeckel et al, 2017).…”

Populations of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are different in human-polluted environment and food items: a multicentre European study

“…However, the extent of transmission between these compartments remains uncertain, especially in high-income countries where hygiene standards probably limit the contaminations from non-human sources [9]. In particular, the role of the food chain is under debate [9][10][11][12].…”