Prospective postmortem evaluation of 735 consecutive SARS-CoV-2-associated death cases

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has become a global pandemic with significant mortality. Accurate information on the specific circumstances of death and whether patients died from or with SARS-CoV-2 is scarce. To distinguish COVID-19 from non-COVID-19 deaths, we performed a systematic review of 735 SARS-CoV-2-associated deaths in Hamburg, Germany, from March to December 2020, using conventional autopsy, ultrasound-guided minimally invasive autopsy, postmortem computed tomography and medical records. Statistical analyses including multiple logistic regression were used to compare both cohorts. 84.1% (n = 618) were classified as COVID-19 deaths, 6.4% (n = 47) as non-COVID-19 deaths, 9.5% (n = 70) remained unclear. Median age of COVID-19 deaths was 83.0 years, 54.4% were male. In the autopsy group (n = 283), the majority died of pneumonia and/or diffuse alveolar damage (73.6%; n = 187). Thromboses were found in 39.2% (n = 62/158 cases), pulmonary embolism in 22.1% (n = 56/253 cases). In 2020, annual mortality in Hamburg was about 5.5% higher than in the previous 20 years, of which 3.4% (n = 618) represented COVID-19 deaths. Our study highlights the need for mortality surveillance and postmortem examinations. The vast majority of individuals who died directly from SARS-CoV-2 infection were of advanced age and had multiple comorbidities.

Young COVID-19 Patients Show a Higher Degree of Microglial Activation When Compared to Controls

“…During the period from the 1 March to the 31 December 2020, there were 281 autopsies of patients who had died due to or with SARS-CoV-2 at the Institute of Legal Medicine of the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf ( 20 ). All brains of these autopsies had been removed and sent for detailed neuropathological analysis.…”

Mortality of Patients Infected by COVID-19 with and without Deep-Vein Thrombosis

“…Therefore, a novel presentation characteristic of thrombotic events is seen in this pandemic. A study has shown that the mortality rate was significantly higher (16.0%) in patients with thrombosis than in those without thrombosis (7.9%) [19]. The vast majority of individuals who died directly from SARS-CoV-2 infection were of advanced age and had multiple comorbidities [20].…”

Vorläufige und endgültige Leichenschau und Todesbescheinigung im Rettungsdienst in Deutschland – uneinheitliche Prozessabläufe und mangelnde Standards

“…In bestimmten Fällen können über Ultraschall-gestützte Punktionen auch Gewebeproben für weitere feingewerbliche Analysen minimal invasiv gewonnen worden (sog. minimally invasive tissue sampling, MITS), sofern Zustimmungen der Familienangehörigen oder Totensorgeberechtigten vorliegen [26]. Innovativen Ideen gemein ist die Begrenzung auf forschungs-oder ausstattungsstarke Einrichtungen.…”