Prospective randomized clinical trial comparing the effects of a masticatory bite wafer and avoidance of hard food on pain associated with initial orthodontic tooth movement

Pain and Orthodontic Treatment

“…Other more nontraditional methods of pain relief include lowlevel laser therapy, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, vibratory stimulation, and analgesic gum. 2,13,16,18,19,29 Premedication with an NSAID such as ibuprofen or naproxen sodium has been found to be effective in managing orthodontic pain. 17,28 Research showed that these medications delayed the onset of pain and decreased initial pain experiences if taken 1 hour before certain orthodontic procedures and that preprocedural and postprocedural pain medication gave the most effective and long-lasting pain relief.…”

“…1 Research shows that 90% of orthodontic patients reported that their treatment was painful and 30% considered ceasing treatment prematurely because of the pain they experienced. 2 Communicating with patients about pain and pain management should therefore be part of patient-orthodontist interactions.…”

“…25,26 It would therefore be helpful if orthodontists could communicate to patients how much pain they might experience. While research has explored patients' pain experiences during orthodontic treatment, 2,12,14,[23][24][25][26][27] no research has yet analyzed whether orthodontists can accurately assess their patients' level of pain. Given that patients and clinicians may not rate treatment outcomes similarly, 11 one might expect that there is also a disconnect between patients' pain experiences and orthodontists' perceptions of their pain.…”

Chewing gum vs. ibuprofen in the management of orthodontic pain, a multi-centre randomised controlled trial – the effect of anxiety

“…This pain may persist for the following 3-5 days (Bradley et al 2007). The most common intervention for the management of such pain is the use of oral analgesics, for example ibuprofen or paracetamol (Xiaoting et al 2010), although other methods have been suggested including electrical stimulation (TENS machines) (Roth & Thrash 1986;Weiss & Carver 1994), plastic chews (Hwang et al 1994;Otasevic et al 2006), tooth vibration (Marie et al 2003), cognitive behavioural therapy (Wang et al 2012) and text message follow up (Keith et al 2013). Interestingly a study on the use of a follow up telephone call reported that the level of perceived orthodontic pain was reduced following the call, but was unaffected by its content, i.e.…”

Pain and Discomfort Associated With Initial Alignment with Three Different Archwires-A Clinical Study

“…The experience of pain is measured indirectly, and the visual analog scale (VAS) is the most reliable method of measuring pain perception. [7][8][9][10] Nonlinear relationships have been shown between pain experienced after initial archwire placement and archwire material and age; social class; degree of force applied; dental arch relationships; and dental crowding. [11][12][13][14][15] It is not surprising that the use of preemptive and postoperative analgesia has been shown to reduce pain scores.…”