Prospective study of bacterial meningitis in North East Thames region, 1991-3, during introduction of Haemophilus influenzae vaccine

Abstract

Objective-To describe the epidemiology of primary bacterial meningitis in the North East Thames region over a three year period before and during the introduction of the vaccine for Haemophilus influenzae type b.Design-Analysis of information on cases of primary bacterial meningitis identified by microbiology laboratories in the region, with collection of case data by questionnaire. Main outcome measures-Annual incidence rates for types of meningitis according to age and ethnic group.

Invasive pneumococcal disease in Greenland

“…This might be part of the explanation why the incidence of meningitis caused by S. pneumoniae is six times higher than in other parts of the world, where incidence rates seem to be very stable around 1 per 100,000 (6,(10)(11)(12)(13).…”

Worldwide Haemophilus influenzae Type b Disease at the Beginning of the 21st Century: Global Analysis of the Disease Burden 25 Years after the Use of the Polysaccharide Vaccine and a Decade after the Advent of Conjugates

“…Effectiveness was first observed in the northeastern Thames region (173) and soon spread throughout all of England and Wales (71,167), where the incidence of all classical Hib diseases in children aged 0 to 4 years is now 2 per 100,000, or less. The decline has been greater than 97% (19).…”

Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Antimicrobial Treatment of Acute Bacterial Meningitis

“…The most common agents in adults and children are S. pneumoniae and N. meningitidis, because vaccination has virtually eliminated H. influenzae type b meningitis in children (26,125,211,286,304,314,319,342). In the largest review of 4,100 cases of bacterial meningitis at the Hospital Couta Maia in Salvador, Brazil, from 1973 through 1982, the attack rate was 45.8 cases per 100,000 population (50); H. influenzae, N. meningitidis, and S. pneumoniae accounted for 62% of cases.…”