Prospective study of clinical profile of acute ischemic stroke in a tertiary care hospital of North India

Abstract

Background: Owing to the recent demographic shifts and negative lifestyle changes, stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality across every income group in most of the countries. It is of the utmost importance to devolve into the clinical profile, etiology and management of patients with acute ischaemic stroke.Methods: It is a prospective case control study. Data was collected using a pre-tested pro forma meeting the objectives of the study. Patients who consented were divided into two groups and complete examination and investigations were carried out.Results: There were 94 patients with AIS enrolled for the study. The mean age was 56.2 years, of which 68.08% were males and 31.92% were females. The mean time for these patients to reach the health facility was 12.6 hours and only 36.17% of patients reached in the window period of 4.5 hours and were eligible for thrombolysis. Hypertension, Diabetes and smoking were the most common risk factors in this order among others.Conclusions: There is poor awareness regarding identification of stroke related symptoms and warning signs as majority of patients were unable to reach the hospital in the window period making them ineligible for thrombolysis. The leading etiology runs in the direction of modifiable risk factors which can be corrected at a primary prevention level.

Clinical and Etiological Profile of Ischemic Stroke in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Nepal

“…4 A study from Lucknow, India also revealed that male was more vulnerable for stroke with 68%. 3 Similar study from AIMS, Delhi showed male predominance with M:F ratio of 5:1. Gender distribution of acute stroke patients differs from country to country.…”

“…4 A study from North, India found that the mean age of ischemic stroke patients was 60. 3 Stroke has been increasing in younger age groups due to unhealthy lifestyles and modernization. A study from North India revealed that the mean age of stroke patients was 39.…”

“…2 Socio economic factors, dietary and lifestyle choices, demographic transitions and different patterns of risk factors namely modifiable and non-modifiable explain the incidences of strokes to great lengths. 3 Stroke can be prevented by early modification of risk factors like hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, heart disease, atrial fibrillation, smoking, obesity and alcoholism. 4 A community survey from India revealed a crude prevalence rate of 200 per 1,00,000 persons for hemiplegia, nearly 1.5% of all urban hospital admissions, 4.5% of medical cases and around 20% of neurologic cases.…”

Management of Ischemic Stroke in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Existing Status and Prospective Opportunities

“…Data from the National Health Service (NHS) showed that the percentage of stroke victims who reached the hospital within the designated time frames was 40.2% within three hours of symptom onset, 51.6% within 4.5 hours, and 59.14% within six hours; furthermore, the data from the month of August 2023 showed that the average time for ambulance patients suffering from a stroke from a 999 emergency call to hospital arrival was one hour and 31 minutes, which was a decrease of more than 17 minutes from the previous year, showing an improved trend [ 15 ]. However, there are regional variations in the percentage of ischemic stroke patients who arrive at the hospital within 4.5 hours, as a study carried out in a North Indian tertiary care hospital revealed that 36.17% of acute ischemic stroke patients arrived within the 4.5-hour window and were deemed eligible for thrombolysis [ 16 ]. According to the study, 91% of acute stroke patients in Uganda presented to the emergency room after three hours, indicating a significant delay; only 9% of acute stroke patients reached the tertiary center within three hours of the onset of symptoms [ 17 ].…”