Prospective study of postoperative hypocalcemia after total thyroidectomy

Abstract

Background: Postoperative hypocalcemia is a common complication following total thyroidectomy. Various risk factors lead to damage of parathyroid gland or its blood supply or accidental removal of gland. Early identification and supplementation with calcium and Vitamin D reduces the severity of symptoms and morbidity to the patients. Aim: The study aims to identify the incidence of hypocalcemia in patients undergoing total thyroidectomy. Materials and Methods: Prospective analysis was made in 50 patients undergoing total thyroidectomy for benign thyroid disorders, to identify the incidence of hypocalcemia by measuring Serum calcium levels postoperatively at 24 hours, on day 3, day 14 and after 6 months. Results: Incidence of 22% of hypocalcemia, with transient hypocalcemia in 20% and permanent hypocalcemia in 2% of cases were noted. Conclusion: Meticulous surgical technique to preserve parathyroid gland, early identification of hypocalcemia, with adequate supplementation with calcium and vitamin D reduces the morbidity in patients undergoing total thyroidectomy.