Prospectives on Gas Hydrates‐based Desalination

Gas Hydrate-Based Heavy Metal Ion Removal from Industrial Wastewater: A Review

“…A hybrid system with an RO-hydrate system for seawater desalination has recently been proposed, along with an optimum design strategy. Additionally, a novel desalination process based on hydrates has been developed and simulated using LNG waste cold energy as a heat sink, and the economic viability of the method has been assessed [139][140][141]. The outcome of substituting the external refrigeration cycle with an LNG plant is very encouraging; as a result, desalination of high strength brine solution may be performed with little energy usage, making the gas hydrate-based desalination technique commercially viable.…”

“…A recent study [139][140][141] was based on utilizing LNG cold energy as a heat sink that was modelled and simulated as an energy source for a gas hydrate plant, and its economic feasibility was assessed. The results were surprising, demonstrating that the LNG heat sink can effectively replace the need for an external refrigeration arrangement, allowing for the separation of high-strength ions with minimal energy consumption, demonstrating that this type of integration can lead to the commercialization of the hydrate process.…”

“…The salt separation efficiency of the process, as well as the quantity of cooling energy required for freezing and subsequent crystal formation, are used to evaluate the process efficiency of freeze desalination. As a result, the hydrate-based desalination technique, which is part of freeze desalination, is of great interest since the crystallization process runs at a significantly higher temperature than the freeze desalination process (typically above the freezing point of water), resulting in a significant reduction in energy usage for crystallization [89,90,139,140]. A hydrate-based desalination continuous module was developed, with a series of operations and separation techniques, with numerous injections, separation and purging times tested [142] with a water recovery rate of more than 30%, and with an ultimate removal efficiency of greater than 80%.…”