“…Changing market and regulatory conditions, particularly in the US, prompt fundamental reconsideration of what constitutes a competitive future energy-source technology and has implications for the direction and emphasis of appropriate nearterm research and development programs, for fusion and other advanced generation systems. With fusion-concept optimization and selection in mind [4,5], tradeoffs among system power density, recirculating power, plant availability (reflecting both forced and planned outages), technical and operational complexity, and structural-materials and coolant choices are best monitored and resolved in the context of their impacts on capital and operating costs, which, together with (typically) low fusion fuel costs and exogenous financial assumptions, determine the product cost [e.g. cost of electricity (COE)].…”