Prospects and limitations for mycorrhizas in biocontrol of root pathogens

Whipps, J. M.

doi:10.1139/b04-082

Cited by 436 publications

(271 citation statements)

References 212 publications

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“…One option that is attracting much attention concerns the possibility of creating new combinations of beneficial micro-organisms with complementary modes of action. In the last few years, several reports have shown that co-inoculation of beneficial microorganisms could stimulate plant growth and/or increase plant disease resistance relative to inoculation with a single biocontrol agent (Raimam et al, 2007;Whipps, 2004). Although such combinations may enhance the level of plant protection against pathogen attack (Ezziyyani et al, 2007;Guetsky et al, 2001Guetsky et al, , 2002, the possible competitiveness between these micro-organisms has to be taken into consideration (Alabouvette et al, 2006).…”

Section: Interaction With Other Biocontrol Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pythium oligandrum: an example of opportunistic success

et al. 2012

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Pythium oligandrum, a non-pathogenic soil-inhabiting oomycete, colonizes the root ecosystem of many crop species. Whereas most members in the genus Pythium are plant pathogens, P. oligandrum distinguishes itself from the pathogenic species by its ability to protect plants from biotic stresses in addition to promoting plant growth. The success of P. oligandrum at controlling soilborne pathogens is partly associated with direct antagonism mediated by mycoparasitism and antimicrobial compounds. Interestingly, P. oligandrum has evolved with specific mechanisms to attack its prey even when these belong to closely related species. Of particular relevance is the question of how P. oligandrum distinguishes between self-and non-self cell wall degradation during the mycoparasitic process of pathogenic oomycete species. The ability of P. oligandrum to enter and colonize the root system before rapidly degenerating is one of the most striking features that differentiate it from all other known biocontrol fungal agents. In spite of this atypical behaviour, P. oligandrum sensitizes the plant to defend itself through the production of at least two types of microbe-associated molecular patterns, including oligandrin and cell wall protein fractions, which appear to be closely involved in the early events preceding activation of the jasmonic acid-and ethylene-dependent signalling pathways and subsequent localized and systemic induced resistance. The aim of this review is to highlight the expanding knowledge of the mechanisms by which P. oligandrum provides beneficial effects to plants and to explore the potential use of this oomycete or its metabolites as new disease management strategies.

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Section: Interaction With Other Biocontrol Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pythium oligandrum: an example of opportunistic success

et al. 2012

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“…The variable results in the field could be due to application problems (physiological state of the bacteria, timing and dosage) or differences in microclimate, crop genotypes, weed communities and soil ecology (Fravel 1999(Fravel , 2005Sabaratnam & Traquair 2002). Product registration is a significant barrier to the commercialization of AM fungal biocontrol formulations (Whipps 2004), and costs of growing and formulating mixtures of organisms may still be too high to make biocontrol economically attractive currently (Fravel 1999(Fravel , 2005. Concerns regarding the potential non-target effects of any biocontrol agent applied in the field and the paucity of information available to assess ecological risks of using specific microbes (and other organisms) as biocontrol agents are increasingly being raised (Wajnberg et al 2001).…”

Section: Biotic Interactions In Agroecosystems C Shennan 725mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotic interactions, ecological knowledge and agriculture

Shennan

2007

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

180

126

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This paper discusses biotic interactions in agroecosystems and how they may be manipulated to support crop productivity and environmental health by provision of ecosystem services such as weed, pest and disease management, nutrient cycling and biodiversity conservation. Important elements for understanding biotic interactions include consideration of the effects of diversity, species composition and food web structure on ecosystem processes; the impacts of timing, frequency and intensity of disturbance; and the importance of multitrophic interactions. All of these elements need to be considered at multiple scales that depend in part on the range of the movement of the organisms involved. These issues are first discussed in general, followed by an examination of the application of these concepts in agricultural management. The potential for a greater use of ecological management approaches is high; however, owing to the nature of complex interactions in ecosystems, there is some inherent unpredictability about responses to management interventions under different conditions. Such uncertainty needs to be accommodated in the development of recommendations for farm management. This requires an increased emphasis on the effective synthesis of complex and often apparently contradictory information and on field-based adaptive research, monitoring and social learning by farmer/researcher collaborations.

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“…CMA yang bersimbiosis dengan akar tanaman mampu meningkatkan laju pertumbuhan vegetatif dan produksi tanaman. Whipps (2004) melaporkan bahwa CMA selain mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman juga berpotensi sebagai agens pengendali hayati melalui berbagai mekanisme khususnya untuk patogen tular tanah seperti Fusarium moniliforme, F. oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani, dan beberapa spesies Phytophthora. Penelitian mengenai peran CMA dalam menekan perkembangan penyakit yang menginfeksi daun saat ini menunjukkan hasil yang bervariasi.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Penekanan Perkembangan Penyakit Bercak Ungu pada Bawang Merah oleh Cendawan Mikoriza Arbuskula

Sari

Hadisutrisno

Suryanti

2017

J Fitopatol Indones

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ABSTRAKCendawan mikoriza arbuskula (CMA) diketahui meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman bawang merah (Allium cepa var. aggregatum) dan membantu meningkatkan ketahanan tanaman terhadap gangguan penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui peran CMA dalam menekan perkembangan penyakit bercak ungu yang disebabkan oleh Alternaria sp. pada pertanaman bawang merah di Dusun Gowok, Caturtunggal, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Perlakuan inokulasi CMA pada tanaman bawang merah yang dipupuk atau yang tidak dipupuk N, P, dan K menyebabkan tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan perlakuan tanpa inokulasi CMA. Intensitas dan laju perkembangan penyakit bercak ungu pada tanaman bawang merah yang diinokulasi CMA lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan kontrol maupun tanaman yang diberi perlakuan fungisida kimia. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa CMA selain berperan sebagai pupuk hayati juga berpotensi sebagai agens pengendali hayati.Kata kunci: agens pengendali hayati, Alternaria porri, ketahanan tanaman. ABSTRACTArbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is known to improve the growth of shallot (Allium cepa var. aggregatum) and strengthen the resistance of plants toward disease infection. This research aimed to find out the roles of AMF in suppressing the development of purple blotch disease caused by Alternaria sp. on shallot in Caturtunggal, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Inoculation of AMF either on fertilization of N, P, K or without fertilization treatment resulted on higher plant height and number of leaves compared to those without AMF inoculation. The plant inoculated with AMF had lower purple blotch disease intensity and disease progression than control and fungicide treatment. The result showed that AMF, in addition to act as the bio-fertilizer, is a potential to be a biocontrol agent.

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Prospects and limitations for mycorrhizas in biocontrol of root pathogens

Cited by 436 publications

References 212 publications

Pythium oligandrum: an example of opportunistic success

Pythium oligandrum: an example of opportunistic success

Biotic interactions, ecological knowledge and agriculture

Penekanan Perkembangan Penyakit Bercak Ungu pada Bawang Merah oleh Cendawan Mikoriza Arbuskula

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