Prospects for Pathogen Reductions in Livestock Wastewaters: A Review

Hill, Vincent R.

doi:10.1080/10643380390814532

Cited by 34 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 250 publications

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“…Predicted E. coli concentrations in pasture tailwater above and below the wetland as (A) tailwater runoff rate increases (time since first runoff 3 hours, days since grazing 7 days); (B) days rested from cattle grazing prior to irrigation increases (time since first runoff 3 hours, tailwater runoff rate 1 cfs); (C) time since tailwater runoff begins during an irrigation event (days since grazing 7 days, tailwater runoff rate 1 cfs). s livestock wastewater (Gerba et al 1999;Hill 2003;Quinonez-Diaz et al 2001).…”

Section: Effects On E Coli Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management reducesE. coliin irrigated pasture runoff

Knox¹,

Tate²,

Dahlgren³

et al. 2007

Cal Ag

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Section: Effects On E Coli Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management reducesE. coliin irrigated pasture runoff

Knox¹,

Tate²,

Dahlgren³

et al. 2007

Cal Ag

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“…VFS enhances infiltration process through soil matrix ecosystem functions including: First, accumulated organic matter residues that enhance permeability of soil surfaces, plants roots that increase soil hydraulic conductivity, interception of dissipated raindrops that reduces surface sealing, resistance to runoff flow that decreases flow velocity, and increased number of soil macropores resulting from macroinvertebrates ecosystem balancing actions (Cardoso et al 2012;Houdeshel et al 2015); secondly, the efficiency of VFS in retaining cowpat manure bacteria (e.g., E. coli) varies depending on hydrologic soil surface condition (Cardoso et al 2012); thirdly, there is a fast decline of fecal coliforms in cow part manures in the soilrunoff mixing zone that has a persistence of only 6-10 days after application date (Gessel et al 2004); fourth, the decay process occurs because of the inability of the E. coli to reduce its metabolic rate to meet the low availability of usable dissolved organic carbon (Klein and Casida 1967); fifth, in the weakened state of nutrient shortage, E. coli is also stressed by other environmental factors, including high soil temperatures of up to 35°C, strong solar radiation (550 cd in this study) and the acidic soil (pH 4.56) in the present study (Hill 2003); sixth, E. coli die-off rate in clay loam in dry, moist and wet conditions increases as temperature also increases from 25 to 35°C (Ling et al 2002b(Ling et al , 2005.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Conservation of Escherichia coli mass balance in overland flow is controlled by fecal coliforms population dynamics, attenuation and diffusion (Tian et al 2002). Soil and surface water fecal contamination is a matter of public health concern because zoonotic diseases emanating from bacterial, viral, protozoan and helminthic pathogens can be interchanged between livestock and humans (Pell 1997;Hill 2003). The need to understand manure borne microbial pathogens such as E. coli is important because they cause infections to humans either through zoonotic or pollution processes in livestock-based systems, therefore, this problem deserves new studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of vegetated filter strips on infiltration and survival rates of Escherichia coli in soil matrix at Mau, Njoro River Watershed, Kenya

Olilo

Muia

Onyando

et al. 2016

Energ. Ecol. Environ.

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Overland flows contaminated with manure borne pathogens pose risks to public health, because fecal pathogens may infiltrate into soil matrix from overland flows and contaminate soil water aquifers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of vegetative filter strip (VFS) on infiltration rates (CFU 100 ml -1 h -1 ) of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in overland flow and their survival rates in soil matrix. Thirty samples of the specimen were collected from VFSs each sampling time. The samples were each filtered, followed by a series of ten dilutions; then analyses for E. coli using membrane filtration technique. Wet oxidation method and potassium persulfate technique were used to analyze particulate organic carbon (POC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) at (p \ 0.05) level of significance, respectively. A strong relationship was obtained between E. coli, POC and DOC in the overland flows (R 2 = 0.89, p B 0.05; df = 29). This study confirms the hypothesis that DOC released from Napier grass and Kikuyu grass exudates supported the initial survival, subsequent growth and adaptation of E. coli in its new secondary habitat outside its primary host. Thus, in the soil habitat, DOC and POC provided the initial energy for microbial cell multiplication from the VFS grasses. VFS influenced partitioning, infiltration and survival of E. coli in the overland flow into soil matrix. Thus, root zone retention data and information on E. coli in VFS systems are significant and could be used for scientific and management of soil erosion and the control of fecal pathogens entering surface water ecosystems both locally in Mau Ranges, Njoro River Watershed and internationally in other areas with similar environmental problems. VFS could be utilized under various designs of VFSs with different plants that have different setup of plants' root zone cover and penetrations systems that could help in infiltrating overland flow manure borne pathogens, a process that could be useful in the management of these pathogens in agro-pastoral systems locally and internationally.

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“…What biological or energetic treatment methods, such as wetlands and ultraviolet radiation, are most practical and cost effi cient for co-management (Berry et al, 2007;Hill, 2003;Karim et al, 2004)? What technologies are currently in use (Mena, 2006)?…”

Section: Specify Proven Practices That Preserve Food Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Priorities for Coordinating Management of Food Safety and Water Quality

Crohn

Bianchi²

2008

J of Env Quality

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Eff orts to exclude disease organisms from farms growing irrigated lettuce and leafy vegetables on California's central coast are confl icting with traditionally accepted strategies to protect surface water quality. To begin resolving this dilemma, over 100 offi cials, researchers, and industry representatives gathered in April 2007 to set research priorities that could lead to eff ective co-management of both food safety and water quality. Following the meeting, research priorities were refi ned and ordered by way of a Delphi process completed by 35 meeting participants. Although water quality and food safety experts conceptualized the issues diff erently, there were no deep disagreements with respect to research needs. Top priority was given to investigating the fate of pathogens potentially present on farms. Intermediate priorities included characterizing the infl uence of specifi c farm management practices on food safety and improving our understanding of vector processes. A scientifi c subdiscipline focusing on competing risks is needed to characterize and resolve confl icts between human and environmental health.

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Prospects for Pathogen Reductions in Livestock Wastewaters: A Review

Cited by 34 publications

References 250 publications

Management reducesE. coliin irrigated pasture runoff

Management reducesE. coliin irrigated pasture runoff

Effect of vegetated filter strips on infiltration and survival rates of Escherichia coli in soil matrix at Mau, Njoro River Watershed, Kenya

Research Priorities for Coordinating Management of Food Safety and Water Quality

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