Prospects for the application of marine energy under competition with other types of unconventional sources

Abstract

The global energy crisis is due to the lack of traditional energy sources, which leads to an increase in their cost and limited availability in the required quantity for the full and efficient functioning of energy systems. Therefore, it is quite logical to search for new scientific and technical solutions for the development of alternative energy with renewable energy sources, which are environmentally “clean” and their use does not lead to a violation of the natural climate balance. Modern alternative energy is mainly based on the conversion of solar and wind energy, and the technologies for their construction provide for ground location, which leads to the occupation of vast areas for power plants. Along with this, such power plants have a number of climatic, seasonal and daily restrictions on the power of electricity production, which leads to fluctuations in the energy balance of the system with an increase in their number. To eliminate dips and bursts of energy in the energy system when using renewable sources, it is necessary to introduce energy storage devices, which in turn at this stage of their development are non-environmental chemical batteries, which also require large areas and certain technical conditions for correct operation. Thus, the development of marine energy can in the future become a solution to a number of issues to eliminate the destabilization of the global energy system and provide complete energy independence from traditional energy sources. The oceans have unlimited reserves of renewable energy and their rational extraction and use is the key to the growth of electricity production in the face of increased consumption, which will lead to a general reduction in the crisis in the energy industry in many countries. The issue of developing marine energy as a separate type as part of alternative renewable energy is a priority and, accordingly, the development of technological solutions for the creation of offshore power plants with fundamentally different methods of generating electricity requires huge economic investments in research on their implementation. In the future, marine energy can be one of the main sources of renewable environmentally friendly electricity.