Prospects of biodiesel production from vegetable oils in India

Barnwal, B.K.; Sharma, M.P.

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2004.05.007

Cited by 838 publications

(357 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Methanolysis of soybean oil with 1% potassium hydroxide catalyst has given the best yields and viscosities of the esters (Tomasevic and Marinkovic, 2003). It has been reported that the amount of catalyst that should be added to the reactor should vary from 0.5% to 1% (w/w) (Srivastava and Prasad, 2000;Barnwal and Sharma, 2005). Freedman et al (1984) transesterified peanut, cotton-seed, sunflower and soybean oil under the condition of methanol-oil molar ratio of 6:1, 0.5% sodium methoxide catalyst and 60 o C. An approximate yield of 80% was observed after 1 min for soybean and sunflower oils.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Methanolysis of soybean oil with 1% potassium hydroxide catalyst gave the best yields and viscosities of the esters (Tomasevic and Marinkovic, 2003). It has been reported that the amount of catalyst that should be added to the reactor should vary from 0.5% to 1% (w/w) (Srivastava and Prasad, 2000;Barnwal and Sharma, 2005). Table 3 shows the effect of reaction temperature on the viscosity of the transesterified oil.…”

Section: Studies On Variation Of Reaction Temperature and Catalyst Lomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Production of biodiesel by transesterification of refined soybean oil

Aransiola¹,

Betiku²,

Layokun³

et al. 2010

International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences

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This study focused on the production of biodiesel via transesterification of refined soybean oil obtained locally. Sodium hydroxide was used as the alkali catalyst and methanol (as alcohol) was used in the transesterification process due to its low cost. The methanol-to-oil molar ratio was maintained at 6:1. The effect of reaction temperature with time and the catalyst loading were studied. The reaction temperature and the catalyst loading were varied at 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 o C; and at 0.5 and 1.0% weight of oil, respectively. After transesterification of the soybean oil, the fatty acid methyl esters [FAMEs (biodiesel)] conversion was found to rise with an increase in the catalyst loading and also with the reaction temperature but no significant difference (P > 0.05) was found between the temperatures of 60 o C and 70 o C. The optimum methyl esters conversion of 97.89% was achieved at 60 o C for 3 h with 1% (w/w) catalyst. The viscosity (at 40 o C), density, cloud point, pour point, flash point and acid number were 3.40 cSt, 0.86 g/ml, -1 o C, -7 o C, 175 o C and 0.19, respectively. This optimum methyl esters conversion obtained met ASTM standard of D-6751. Therefore, soybean oil has been shown in this study as a good candidate for biodiesel production and the data acquired can be scaled up for large scale production.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Studies On Variation Of Reaction Temperature and Catalyst Lomentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of biodiesel by transesterification of refined soybean oil

Aransiola¹,

Betiku²,

Layokun³

et al. 2010

International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences

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“…Most of the parts such as leaves, bark, flower, fruit, seed and root have applications in the field of medicine. Neem seed, which has higher concentration of oil (30% oil content) is the major source of Neem oil, which is already in commercial use as an insecticide, lubricant and in medicine to treat various kinds of diseases (Puri, 1999, Ragasa et al, 1997Barnwal et al, 2005;Johnson et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of biodiesel from Neem oil using sulfated zirconia via tranesterification

Muthu¹,

Sathyaselvabala²,

Varathachary³

et al. 2010

Braz. J. Chem. Eng.

114

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-Sulfated zirconia (SZ) is a widely used catalyst, which is synthesized by a solvent free method and the synthesized catalyst has been characterized. Neem Methyl Ester (Biodiesel) was prepared by a two-step process of esterification and transesterification from Neem oil with methanol in the presence of catalyst. Acid catalyst was used for the esterification and alkali catalyst (KOH) for the transesterification reaction. Optimal Free Fatty Acid (FFA) conversion was achieved using 1 wt% SZ as an acid catalyst with a methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 9:1, temperature of 65°C and reaction time of 2 h. The acid value was reduced to 94% of the raw oil (24.76 mg KOH/g), which confirmed the conversion. Consequently, this pretreatment reduces the overall complexity of the process and a conversion efficiency of 95% is achieved when pretreated oil reacts with methanol in the presence of KOH.

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“…Vegetable oils contain triglycerides as a primary component producing high viscosity. Due to the high viscosity, long term use of neat vegetable oils affects the engine durability resulting in injector coking and ring sticking [9,10]. Additionally, the vegetable oils have higher cloud and pour points considered as unfavorable parameters in cold weather conditions [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiochemical and Phase Behaviour Study of Jatropha curcus Oil - Ethanol Microemulsion Fuels Using Sorbitane Fatty Esters

Patidar¹,

Chandra²,

Singh³

et al. 2014

IJRSE

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Vegetable oil reverse micelle microemulsions have been an alternative method of biodiesel production to eliminate and avoid transesterification as well as unpurified glycerol. Sorbitane fatty ester surfactants due to their high solubilization capacity forms microemulsions with oils and thus span based reverse micelle microemulsion systems have been studied. Jatropha oil-ethanol microemulsions have been prepared using span 80 and 85 surfactants and optimized as biofuel, their phase behavior with physicochemical parameters: density, viscosity and surface tension were analyzed for formulation. The surface tension has been an important physicochemical parameter in addition to kinematic viscosity elucidating Jatropha oil-ethanol microemulsion with span 80 than with span 85, as a better biofuel. Comparatively, a lower amount of span 80 than span 85 was utilized for microemulsion formulations and resulted viscosities were in close agreement with ASTM biodiesel standards. The microemulsification approach has been found a sustainable method for producing biofuels without chemical reactions and their fuel properties have been adjusted through variable formulations.

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Prospects of biodiesel production from vegetable oils in India

Cited by 838 publications

References 18 publications

Production of biodiesel by transesterification of refined soybean oil

Production of biodiesel by transesterification of refined soybean oil

Synthesis of biodiesel from Neem oil using sulfated zirconia via tranesterification

Physiochemical and Phase Behaviour Study of Jatropha curcus Oil - Ethanol Microemulsion Fuels Using Sorbitane Fatty Esters

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