Prospects of Understanding the Molecular Biology of Disease Resistance in Rice

Singh, Pankaj Kumar; Nag, Akshay; Arya, Preeti; Kapoor, Ritu; Singh, Akshay; Jaswal, Rajdeep; Sharma, Tilak Raj

doi:10.3390/ijms19041141

Cited by 42 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 375 publications

(253 reference statements)

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“…Disease resistance alleles from crop gene pool can be introgressed into high yielding varieties to further improve their capacity to overcome the challenges of pathogen attack [34]. Rice blast disease can be effectively managed by the utilisation of R gene which can be taken from the resistant varieties to develop high yielding varieties either by breeding or in raising transgenics [35]. The copy number variation, nucleotide diversity, substitutions at the R genes loci are sources of allelic variation [17,36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in the LRR region of Pi54 protein alters its interaction with the AvrPi54 protein revealed by in silico analysis

et al. 2019

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Rice blast, caused by the ascomycete fungus Magnaporthe oryzae is a destructive disease of rice and responsible for causing extensive damage to the crop. Pi54, a dominant blast resistance gene cloned from rice line Tetep, imparts a broad spectrum resistance against various M. oryzae isolates. Many of its alleles have been explored from wild Oryza species and landraces whose sequences are available in the public domain. Its cognate effector gene AvrPi54 has also been cloned from M. oryzae. Complying with the Flor’s gene-for-gene system, Pi54 protein interacts with AvrPi54 protein following fungal invasion leading to the resistance responses in rice cell that prevents the disease development. In the present study Pi54 alleles from 72 rice lines were used to understand the interaction of Pi54 (R) proteins with AvrPi54 (Avr) protein. The physiochemical properties of these proteins varied due to the nucleotide level polymorphism. The ab initio tertiary structures of these R- and Avr- proteins were generated and subjected to the in silico interaction. In this interaction, the residues in the LRR region of R- proteins were shown to interact with the Avr protein. These R proteins were found to have variable strengths of binding due to the differential spatial arrangements of their amino acid residues. Additionally, molecular dynamic simulations were performed for the protein pairs that showed stronger interaction than Pi54tetep (original Pi54 from Tetep) protein. We found these proteins were forming h-bond during simulation which indicated an effective binding. The root mean square deviation values and potential energy values were stable during simulation which validated the docking results. From the interaction studies and the molecular dynamics simulations, we concluded that the AvrPi54 protein interacts directly with the resistant Pi54 proteins through the LRR region of Pi54 proteins. Some of the Pi54 proteins from the landraces namely Casebatta, Tadukan, Varun dhan, Govind, Acharmita, HPR-2083, Budda, Jatto, MTU-4870, Dobeja-1, CN-1789, Indira sona, Kulanji pille and Motebangarkaddi cultivars show stronger binding with the AvrPi54 protein, thus these alleles can be effectively used for the rice blast resistance breeding program in future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in the LRR region of Pi54 protein alters its interaction with the AvrPi54 protein revealed by in silico analysis

et al. 2019

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“…The plant defense response against biotic stresses can be categorized into pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP)-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI) [1]. In both PTI and ETI, the activation of a complex network of signaling cascade pathways leads to the induction of resistance response mediated through pathogenesis-related ( PR ) genes, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and secondary metabolites [2]. The initiation of PR proteins against various biotic stresses has been reported in different plant species [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Analysis and Expression Profiling of Rice Hybrid Proline-Rich Proteins in Response to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses, and Hormone Treatment

Kapoor

Kumar

Arya

et al. 2019

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Hybrid proline-rich proteins (HyPRPs) belong to the family of 8-cysteine motif (8CM) containing proteins that play important roles in plant development processes, and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. To gain insight into the rice HyPRPs, we performed a systematic genome-wide analysis and identified 45 OsHyPRP genes encoding 46 OsHyPRP proteins. The phylogenetic relationships of OsHyPRP proteins with monocots (maize, sorghum, and Brachypodium) and a dicot (Arabidopsis) showed clustering of the majority of OsHyPRPs along with those from other monocots, which suggests lineage-specific evolution of monocots HyPRPs. Based on our previous RNA-Seq study, we selected differentially expressed OsHyPRPs genes and used quantitative real-time-PCR (qRT-PCR) to measure their transcriptional responses to biotic (Magnaporthe oryzae) and abiotic (heat, cold, and salt) stresses and hormone treatment (Abscisic acid; ABA, Methyl-Jasmonate; MeJA, and Salicylic acid; SA) in rice blast susceptible Pusa Basmati-1 (PB1) and blast-resistant near-isogenic line PB1+Pi9. The induction of OsHyPRP16 expression in response to the majority of stresses and hormonal treatments was highly correlated with the number of cis-regulatory elements present in its promoter region. In silico docking analysis of OsHyPRP16 showed its interaction with sterols of fungal/protozoan origin. The characterization of the OsHyPRP gene family enables us to recognize the plausible role of OsHyPRP16 in stress tolerance.

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“…As we succeeded in identifying other BSR-resistant cultivars besides 'Nona Bokra', it might be possible to identify other new QTLs that will be useful for gene pyramiding to improve BSR resistance. Although many disease resistance genes have been cloned and characterized in rice (Singh et al 2018), no resistance genes associated with BSR or BGR have yet been identified. The cloning of RBG1 and RBG2 is under way to clarify their genetic mechanisms.…”

Section: Bsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of major rice cultivars for resistance to bacterial seedling rot caused by <i>Burkholderia glumae</i> and identification of Japanese standard cultivars for resistance assessments

et al. 2020

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Burkholderia glumae causes bacterial seedling rot (BSR) and bacterial grain rot (BGR) in rice (Oryza sativa), both of which are important diseases in Japan. We previously evaluated major Japanese cultivars for BGR resistance and selected standard cultivars for resistance assessments. Here, we assessed the BSR occurrence rate in cultivars from the World Rice Collection (WRC) and other sources and found wide variation in resistance. Next, we evaluated major Japanese cultivars for BSR resistance and found that two Japanese landraces, 'Kujuu' and 'Aikoku', showed "strong" resistance; most others were categorized as "medium" or "medium to weak". We previously developed a near-isogenic line (RBG1-NIL) by introducing the genomic region containing RBG1, a quantitative trait locus (QTL) for BSR resistance, from 'Nona Bokra' (indica) into 'Koshihikari' (temperate japonica). The resistance level of RBG1-NIL was "strong", indicating the effectiveness of RBG1 against BSR. The correlation between BSR and BGR resistance scores was low, indicating that it is necessary to introduce QTLs for resistance from different sources to develop cultivars resistant to both BSR and BGR. On the basis of the screening results, we selected standard cultivars for BSR resistance to cover a range of resistance levels.

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Prospects of Understanding the Molecular Biology of Disease Resistance in Rice

Cited by 42 publications

References 375 publications

Variation in the LRR region of Pi54 protein alters its interaction with the AvrPi54 protein revealed by in silico analysis

Variation in the LRR region of Pi54 protein alters its interaction with the AvrPi54 protein revealed by in silico analysis

Genome-Wide Analysis and Expression Profiling of Rice Hybrid Proline-Rich Proteins in Response to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses, and Hormone Treatment

Evaluation of major rice cultivars for resistance to bacterial seedling rot caused by <i>Burkholderia glumae</i> and identification of Japanese standard cultivars for resistance assessments

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