Prospets of pulsed electric field application for extraction processes of oily materials

Abstract

The prospects of pulsed electric field (PEF) application for the extraction processes of oily materials is dealt with, main quality parameters of the oil being analyzed. Evaluation of PEF treatment efficiency for extraction process of sunflower cake was carried out upon the following criteria: oil yield, index of disintegrated (destroyed) cells, diffusion coefficient. In addition the main quality parameters of extracted oil after treatment were determined by standard methods. It was found that PEF processing at the preliminary stage allowed to increase the yield of oil up to 3.5%, while the diffusion coefficient increased from D = 9.8943E-12 to 1.5504E-11 m 2 /s. The number of pre-opened cells increased by 42.9% after treatment by PEF. PEF was shown to have a slight effect on oil quality parameters (P>0.05), that is primarily due to the nature of the applied pulses and, as a consequence, to the absence of heating in the treatment zone. The results obtained can be used for upscaling technology of electro physical processing by pulsed electric field treatment for the intensification of mass transfer processes.Keywords: pulsed electric field; mass-exchange processes; extraction kinetics; diffusion coefficient; disintegration index; sunflower. ВведениеОсновным промышленным методом получения подсолнечного масла в маслоэкстракционном производстве на сегодняшний день является твердо-жидкая экстракция с применением способов противоточного погружения и многоступенчатого противоточного орошения [1]. Существует множество разнообразных методов и способов интенсификации процесса экстрагирования как на стадии подготовки материала, так и при непосредственном воздействии в самом процессе экстрагирования. К таким методам можно отнести СВЧ обработку, сверхкритическую СО2 экстракцию, обработку с использованием ультразвука и электроразрядную обработку в жидкости [2][3][4][5].