Prostaglandins and cellular reaction in uterine flushings. I. Effect of IUD insertion

Abstract

Uterine prostaglandin (PG) levels and cellular reaction in response to IUDs were elevated in sixty women. Short-term users (n = 30) were studied in a control cycle and 3 months after IUD insertion, and long-term users (n = 30) were studied at least 2 years after device insertion. A uterine wash was performed in the proliferative and luteal phase of each investigated menstrual cycle; the cellular components were counted and levels of PGE2, PGF2 alpha and their 13,14-dihydro-15-keto metabolites measured. A significant rise in PG levels was observed in the uterine wash shortly after IUD insertion, particularly in the luteal phase. However, there was a significant reduction in PG levels among long-term users, though the cellular reaction showed a continued increment. The absence of correlation between the biochemical and biological responses indicated that neither of them was totally dependent on the other. The decreased PG levels among long-term users does not support the concept of a key role for these substances in the mechanism of action of IUDs. The temporary post-insertion rise in PG levels coincides with the phase of increased bleeding and pain.

Dynamic changes of myometrial activity, levels of PGF2α and E2 in rabbits after insertion of four types of IUDs

“…On Day 120, the production of PGs of the Cu-IUD and SS-IUD groups decreased to control level. Similar results were observed in the clinical trial of E1-Shawi and his colleagues [9]. It is suggested that IUDs stimulate production of certain prostaglandins in uterine tissue in the early period of use, which may be responsible for the side-effects like expulsion and pain.…”

“…It is suggested that IUDs stimulate production of certain prostaglandins in uterine tissue in the early period of use, which may be responsible for the side-effects like expulsion and pain. Thereafter, the stimulating effect of the IUD diminishes gradually and the expulsion rate decreases [1,9].…”

Can We Predict Menorrhagia with Intrauterine Contraceptive Device (IUCD) Insertion?

“…observed a significant rise in both PGF2α and PGE2 concentrations in the uterine wash 3 months after IUD insertion but not in users who had used an IUCD for at least 2 years; the temporary post-insertion rise in prostaglandin concentration coincided with the phase of increased bleeding and pain [10]. Xin et al…”

Relationship between Human Seminal Prostaglandins on Intrauterine Insemination Pregnancy Outcomes

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Volume 3 -Issue 1 the ampullary-isthmus junction [7,8]. Interestingly, high levels of PGF2α have been measured in the cervical mucus of women who utilize an intrauterine device (IUD) for contraception [9]. It has been suggested that high enough PGF2α levels in these women may further contribute to inactivation of sperm motility, providing another means of preventing pregnancy while utilizing an IUD [10].PGE1 and PGE2 are primarily associated with sperm motility [11].

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