“…The coup de grace for staging intercomparison between series, comes when one considers or, rather, tries to consider, patient exclusions from various series. The phenomenon of multiple primary malignant neoplasms in patients with carcinoma of the prostate as their index neoplasm, is well described, and rarely cited as reason for exclusion or, indeed, inclusion in any given series (Ray 1983). Other possible sources of exclusion and stage shift may include atypical histoIogy, prior surgery or radiotherapy, and technically incomplete surgery or radiotherapy.…”