Prostate cancer diagnostics, tumor staging, disease recurrence and clinical management by analyses of multiple molecular markers

Gene Expression Profile of Prostate Cancer Patients by Chemiluminescent Analysis

“…Several genes have been identified by their differential expression in prostate pathologies, from which 14 genes were important in prostate cancer development, such as steroid 5 alpha-reductase 2 (SRD5A2) (Luo et al 2003;Neves et al 2008), androgen receptor (AR) (Harris et al 2003;Neves et al 2003Neves et al , 2008, carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule (CEACAM-1) (Volpert et al 2002), prostate cancer antigen (DD3 or PCA3) (Bussemakers et al 1999;Hessels et al 2004;Neves et al 2008), kallikrein 2 (KLK2) (Meola et al 2006;Neves et al 2008), nitric oxide synthase 3 (eNOS or NOS3) (Marangoni et al 2006), osteopontin 1 (OPN-1) (Tozawa et al 1999), tumor protein 53 (TP53) (Levine 1997), prostate-specific membrane antigen or folate hydrolase (PSMA, PSM, or FLH1) Hessels et al 2004;Neves et al 2008), prostate-specific antigen (kallikrein 3) (PSA or KLK3) (Price, Woodard, and Teigland 1995;Goulart et al 2003;Hessels et al 2004), transglutaminase P (TGP or TGM4) , prostatic carcinoma tumor-inducing gene 1=eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1A (PTI-1=EEF1A) (Gopalkrishnan, Su, and Goldstein 1999), transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-b1) (Faria et al 2007), and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor (VDR) .…”