Prostate-specific Antigen Testing and Prostate Cancer Screening

Djavan, Bob; Eckersberger, Elisabeth; Finkelstein, Julia B.; Sadri, Helen; Taneja, Samir S.; Lepor, Herbert

doi:10.1016/j.pop.2010.05.001

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…4,5 Incidence of TCC seems to be higher for female dogs and obese dogs than it is for other dogs. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] The greatest increases in survival rates of humans with prostate, 16,17 colorectal, 18,19 and breast 20 cancers are attributable to early detection of disease. Despite aggressive treatment, most dogs with TCC die as a result of the disease.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of microRNAs in urinary bladder samples obtained from dogs with grossly normal bladders, inflammatory bladder disease, or transitional cell carcinoma

Vinall¹,

Kent²,

White³

2012

ajvr

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Findings of this study indicated results of miRNA expression assays can be used to distinguish between samples of grossly normal bladders and bladders of dogs with inflammatory bladder disease or TCC. This finding may have clinical relevance because currently available diagnostic tests cannot be used to differentiate these tissues, and inflammatory bladder disease and TCC are both prevalent in dogs. Validation of miRNA expression assays as diagnostic tests may be warranted.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of microRNAs in urinary bladder samples obtained from dogs with grossly normal bladders, inflammatory bladder disease, or transitional cell carcinoma

Vinall¹,

Kent²,

White³

2012

ajvr

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“…Similarly, PSA levels do not have a direct association with an increase in the grade and stage of PC, particularly in men with comparatively low PSA values . This lack of specificity of the PSA test leads to both overdiagnosis and overtreatment of clinically insignificant disease, and also results in confusion for prognostic prediction …”

Section: Significance Of Molecular Biomarkers In Prognostic Predictiomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…79 This lack of specificity of the PSA test leads to both overdiagnosis and overtreatment of clinically insignificant disease, and also results in confusion for prognostic prediction. 80 One attractive approach for overcoming the limitations of the PSA test is to measure PSA derivatives, including PSA velocity, PSA density and age-specific PSA intervals, but the significant advantages of these derivatives over the PSA test have not been clearly shown. 81 In addition, of the various molecular forms of PSA, which can be divided into the two major categories of free and complexed forms, 108 the significance of a lower %fPSA as an indicator of a poor Prognosis after radical prostatectomy prognosis has been intensively analyzed; 82,83 however, these findings remain controversial.…”

Section: Significance Of Molecular Biomarkers In Prognostic Predictiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic prediction following radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer using conventional as well as molecular biological approaches

Fujisawa

2012

Int J of Urology

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Abbreviations & Acronyms %fPSA = percent free PSA bGG = biopsy Gleason grade bGS = biopsy Gleason sum BR = biochemical recurrence cT = clinical stage ECE = extracapsular extension BR = biochemical recurrence HSP = heat shock protein IL = interleukin KLK2 = kallikrein-related peptidase-2 LNI = lymph node invasion NA = not available PC = prostate cancer PCA3 = prostate cancer antigen-3 pcpbc = % of cancer in positive biopsy core ppbc = % of positive biopsy core PSA = prostate-specific antigen pT = pathological stage RP = radical prostatectomy RT = radiation therapy SMS = surgical margin status SVI = seminal vesicle invasion TGF-b1 = transforming growth factor-b1 Abstract: Although radical prostatectomy has been the mainstay of treatment for men with clinically organ-confined prostate cancer, a certain proportion of men undergoing radical prostatectomy fail to achieve a complete cure of this disease; that is, postoperative biochemical recurrence develops in approximately 30% of men, some of whom will ultimately die of disease progression. A number of studies, therefore, have been carried out to identify factors reflecting prognostic outcomes following radical prostatectomy, which would be potentially helpful for properly counseling individual patients undergoing this surgery. Furthermore, various types of model systems using multiple clinicopathological parameters, such as the nomogram, look-up table and artificial neural network, have been shown to have better performance in postoperative prognostic prediction than the opinions of expert clinicians. However, there have not been any standard models uniformly applied to postoperative prognostic prediction, which could be explained, at least in part, by the use of conventional clinicopathological parameters alone, suggesting the need for the additional evaluation of molecular markers simultaneously considering the unique biological features of prostate cancer. In this review, a search of the literature was carried out focusing on the significance of prognostic models following radical prostatectomy, and it is suggested that these models could be promising tools to provide accurate information on the postoperative clinical course of prostate cancer patients. To widely introduce such models into clinical practice, it is necessary to further improve currently available models and develop more reliable, flexible, simple and easily accessible tools by incorporating conventional clinicopathological factors as well as molecular biomarkers.

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“…Elevated level of PSA in patients' serum is an indicator for prostate disease [3,4] and overexpression of the PCA3 noncoding mRNA is a strong indicator for malignant prostate disease and can be tested for with a urine test [5]. However, no methods using any of these prostate cancer markers have yet been introduced in clinical magnetic resonance imaging examinations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Lily-of-the-Valley Fragrance Contrast Agent for Magnetic Resonance and Fluorescence Imaging of Prostate Cancer Cells

Sturzu¹,

Echner²,

Klose³

et al. 2012

CPB

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Detection of prostate carcinoma metastases is currently performed either via indirect tests like the prostate specific antigen (PSA) or prostate cancer gene 3 (PCA3) or by biopsies from masses found with medical imaging methods. Our goal was to use an ectopic odorant receptor to target prostate-derived cells throughout the body for imaging by magnetic resonance and fluorescence imaging. We synthesized a conjugate containing undecylic aldehyde (an antagonist of the human olfactory receptor hOR17-4), gadolinium-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (a common magnetic resonance contrast agent) and fluorescein isothiocyanate (a fluorescent dye). Two different prostate cancer cell lines as well as five other different malignant cell lines and healthy prostate epithelial cells were incubated with this conjugate and evaluated by flow cytometry, confocal laser scanning microscopy and magnetic resonance imaging. The prostate- derived healthy and malignant cells showed stronger fluorescence than the non-prostate cancer cell lines in the flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy experiments. In the magnetic resonance imaging experiments the T1 relaxation time reduction (higher signal intensity) was also stronger for the prostate-derived cells than for the non-prostate cells. The examined conjugate showed high prostate-cell-specificity. This property makes it of potential value in the diagnosis of prostate cancer lymph node metastases.

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Prostate-specific Antigen Testing and Prostate Cancer Screening

Cited by 12 publications

References 81 publications

Expression of microRNAs in urinary bladder samples obtained from dogs with grossly normal bladders, inflammatory bladder disease, or transitional cell carcinoma

Expression of microRNAs in urinary bladder samples obtained from dogs with grossly normal bladders, inflammatory bladder disease, or transitional cell carcinoma

Prognostic prediction following radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer using conventional as well as molecular biological approaches

A Novel Lily-of-the-Valley Fragrance Contrast Agent for Magnetic Resonance and Fluorescence Imaging of Prostate Cancer Cells

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