Protease and phytase supplementation of broiler diets in which soybean meal is partially or completely replaced by raw full-fat soybean

Abstract

The nutrient composition and enzymatic in vitro nutrient digestibility of raw full-fat soybean (RFSB) were assessed prior to evaluating the influences of enzyme supplementation in diets in which commercial soybean meal (SBM) was partially (phase 1) or completely (phase 2) replaced by RFSB. A 2 x 2 + 1 arrangement was used in a two-phase feeding trial. In phase 1 (0-25 days) a positive control, commercialtype diet (PC), without RFSB or enzymes, and a negative control diet (NC), with 75 g RFSB/kg were used. The NC diet was supplemented with or without protease (0 or 15000 PRPOT/kg) and phytase (0 or 2000 FYT/kg). In phase 2 (26-31 days), RFSB (NC) or SBM (PC) was used as the sole source of crude protein (CP) for birds. Each treatment was replicated six times. Phases 1 and 2 had the same enzyme supplementation and treatment arrangements. The results showed that the concentration of trypsin inhibitors in RFSB as an ingredient was 16 564 TIU/g, and its CP in vitro digestibility was improved significantly by protease and protease plus phytase. Birds fed on PC and on NC plus protease and phytase finally consumed higher quantities of feed and had the highest bodyweight gain (BWG). Protease improved feed intake (FI), BWG and feed conversion ratio (FCR) by approximately 5.3%, 22.5% and 11.4%, respectively, in phase 2. Birds on the diet with protease plus phytase were 11.7% and 24.8% superior in BWG and FCR, respectively, to NC between 26 and 31 days. Supplementation with both enzymes reduced the weight of the pancreas. Supplementing NC with protease and phytase marginally improved the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of protein and some amino acids (AA) at 25 and 31 days. Overall, BWG and feed efficiency of birds were improved by supplementation of both enzymes and, to a lesser extent, by protease on its own.

Impact of Cassava Leaf Meal as a Rice Bran Substitute and Enzyme Supplementation on Lymphoid Organ Weight and Digestibility in Broiler Chickens

“…Factors that affect protein digestibility are feed consumption, protein consumption, and protein quality (Fransisca et al, 2017). The addition of protease enzymes can also increase the true ileal digestibility of feed amino acids (Erdaw et al, 2019;Ghazi et al, 2002). The increase in protein digestibility with the addition of protease enzymes leads to optimal gluconeogenesis, resulting in an increase in metabolizable energy value (Lema-Pérez, 2021).…”

Effects of Partially Replacing the Commercial Soybean Meal, With A Soaked and Boiled Raw Full-Fat Soybean in Broiler Diets

“…In some areas, for example in Ethiopia, the raw fullfat soybean (RFFSB) is sometimes cheaper than the commercial SBM (i.e., a byproduct after extracting the oil). However, the RFFSB contains a variety of anti-nutritional factors (ANFs) which limit the proper utilization of the nutrients, specifically by non-ruminant animals (ASA, 2004;Mammo, 2019;Mammo et al, 2019). Resisting the negative effects of these ANFs by the birds can also vary based on their age and the concentration of ANFs (ASA, 2004;Mammo and Shambel, 2024).…”

Application of the Bromocresol Purple Index (BCPI) to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Heating Soybeans and Their Products

“…The development of optimal technology for converting soybeans into food and fodder continues to drive much of the research [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. However, the use of soybean and soybean products as components of food and fodder involves various forms and methods of their heat treatment, which is applied to reduce the activity of numerous thermolabile antinutritional factors [10,11] and to develop rheological and organoleptic properties typical of soybean-based products, while maintaining the digestibility of nutrients [12].…”