China is rich in coal resources and has cheap labor, but the backwardness of mining technology and the lack of management seriously affected the sustainable development of the coal industry. Internet of Things, whose management and control is very convenient, is to realize the connection between objects and objects, objects and people, objects and network. This paper introduces Internet of Things technology to the development of coal mining and monitoring system, and makes design from the aspects of hardware and software. The system improves the production efficiency, safety and reliability.