Protecting Perovskite Solar Cells against Moisture-Induced Degradation with Sputtered Inorganic Barrier Layers

Ahangharnejhad, Ramez Hosseinian; Song, Zhaoning; Mariam, Tamanna; Gardner, Jayla J.; Liyanage, Geethika K.; Almutawah, Zahrah S.; Podraza, Nikolas J.; Phillips, Adam B.; Yan, Yanfa; Heben, Michael J.

doi:10.1021/acsaem.1c00816

Cited by 30 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Apart from a higher power output per unit area, bifacial PSCs possess inherent device stability advantages compared with monofacial devices using an opaque metal back contact. Perovskites are notoriously susceptible to degradation induced by moisture-induced phase degradation, [82][83][84] decomposition triggered by the loss of volatile species, [85,86] and corrosion of metal electrodes due to the reaction with halides. [87][88][89] The use of robust and compact TCO rear electrodes provides a holistic solution to all these degradation routes.…”

Section: Benefits For Long-term Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[90,91] The rear electrode, comprising a compact and conformal metal oxide layer, forms a permeation barrier to prevent external moisture from penetrating the cell interior and the egress of volatile constituents of halide perovskites, enabling thermally and environmentally stable bifacial PSCs (Figure 10a). [84,92] The inclusion of a self-encapsulating oxide layer (e.g., SnO x ) can significantly improve the stability of PSCs against moisture even in the liquid form (Figure 10b). [93] The employment of an ITO electrode also improves thermal stability in the ambient atmosphere.…”

Section: Benefits For Long-term Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perovskite Solar Cells Go Bifacial—Mutual Benefits for Efficiency and Durability

2021

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PV technologies need to advance further in terms of a substantial increase in PV module power generation, reduction in module prices, and improvement in long-term reliability, eventually realizing low levelized costs of electricity (LCOE) that are compatible with standard electricity prices in the energy market. The PV industry's future development necessitates increased attention to emerging techniques with the potential to achieve high power generation at low costs.Increasing the power output per unit area of solar panels at low additional manufacturing costs is crucial for further lowering the PV-generated electricity price. One of the simplest and inexpensive strategies for increasing the power output density of a solar panel is to harvest reflected and diffuse sunlight from the ground by employing bifacial designs. The concept of bifacial solar cells can date back to the 1960s, but the momentum to bring bifacial solar panels to the market has been gradually realized in the last decade as one of the latest technological advances in PV manufacturing. [4] The mainstream crystalline silicon (c-Si) PV module manufacturers are now producing bifacial silicon solar modules based on different cell technologies. The trend shows that bifacial solar cells and modules are increasingly important in today's PV market and may soon become the cost-effective PV standard. [5] Unlike c-Si solar cells, efficient bifacial designs have not been demonstrated in commercial inorganic thin-film PV technologies because the polycrystalline inorganic thin films suffer from short carrier lifetimes and high rear surface recombination, limiting their bifacial PV performance. Metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have generated great interest in the PV research and industry, owing to their fast-growing power conversion efficiencies (PCEs), [6] outstanding optoelectronic properties, [7] ease of production, [8] low estimated manufacturing costs, [9] and readiness to take steps toward commercialization. [10] Within a decade, PSCs have rapidly evolved from a newcomer to a leading competitor to rival other established PV technologies.The development of PSCs opens up a golden opportunity to realize efficient bifacial thin-film solar cells. Figure 1 depicts the bifacial architecture for PSCs, summarizes the unique optoelectronic properties of perovskites that enable high bifacial performance, and highlights the advantages of bifacial Bifacial solar cells hold the potential to achieve a higher power output per unit area than conventional monofacial devices without significantly increasing manufacturing costs. However, efficient bifacial designs are challenging to implement in inorganic thin-film solar cells because of their short carrier lifetimes and high rear surface recombination. The emergence of perovskite photovoltaic (PV) technology creates a golden opportunity to realize efficient bifacial thin-film solar cells, owing to their outstanding optoelectronic properties and unique features of device physics. More importantly, transparent cond...

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Section: Benefits For Long-term Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Benefits For Long-term Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Perovskite Solar Cells Go Bifacial—Mutual Benefits for Efficiency and Durability

2021

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“…ALD deposited films can also be combined with other films to form a barrier multilayer for enhanced encapsulation properties. , For example, combining the ALD coated alumina film with a hydrophobic surface modification with 1 H ,1 H ,2 H ,2 H -perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane has also been shown to enhance the barrier performance against moisture ingress . In addition to ALD, e-beam evaporation , and RF sputtering have been used for depositing protective inorganic thin films, while plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) has been used for depositing CF film encapsulation . Air brush coating of hydrophobic zirconia films (several microns thick) was also reported …”

Section: Encapsulation Methods and Materials For Pscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Encapsulation and Stability Testing of Perovskite Solar Cells for Real Life Applications

et al. 2022

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With the progress in the development of perovskite solar cells, increased efforts have been devoted to enhancing their stability. With more devices being able to survive harsher stability testing conditions, such as damp heat or outdoor testing, there is increased interest in encapsulation techniques suitable for this type of tests, since both device architecture compatible with increased stability and effective encapsulation are necessary for those testing conditions. A variety of encapsulation techniques and materials have been reported to date for devices with different architectures and tested under different conditions. In this Perspective, we will discuss important factors affecting the encapsulation effectiveness and focus on the devices, which have been subjected to outdoor testing or damp heat testing. In addition to encapsulation requirements for these testing conditions, we will also discuss device requirements. Finally, we discuss possible methods for accelerating the testing of encapsulation and device stability and discuss the future outlook and important issues, which need to be addressed for further advancement of the stability of perovskite solar cells.

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“…Although the diffraction spot of highly (200)/(112)-oriented MAPbI 3 was not observed due to the missing wedge of the GIWAXS image, the clear diffraction peaks based on (200)/(112) orientation of MAPbI 3 can be obtained in the out-of-plane (XRD) measurement as shown in Figure S1b. On the other hand, (110)-oriented MAPbI 3 films were obtained by using the mixed halide method. , Substitution of a portion of methylammonium iodide (MAI) by methylammonium chloride (MACl) causes (110)-orientation, and increasing the proportion of MACl results in (110)-oriented MAPbI 3 , even though DMSO is used as a solvent of perovskite precursor . Here, DMSO solution of MAPbI 2.5 Cl 0.5 was prepared to fabricate (110)-oriented 3D perovskite thin films.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, (110)oriented MAPbI 3 films were obtained by using the mixed halide method. 40,41 Substitution of a portion of methylammonium iodide (MAI) by methylammonium chloride (MACl) causes (110)-orientation, and increasing the proportion of MACl results in (110)-oriented MAPbI 3 , even though DMSO is used as a solvent of perovskite precursor. 38 Here, DMSO solution of MAPbI 2.5 Cl 0.5 was prepared to fabricate (110)oriented 3D perovskite thin films.…”

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confidence: 99%

Orientation Control of 2D Perovskite in 2D/3D Heterostructure by Templated Growth on 3D Perovskite

Uzurano

Kuwahara

Saito

et al. 2022

ACS Materials Lett.

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2D/3D perovskite heterostructure solar cells are promising for their stability and high power conversion efficiency (PCE). However, organic cations in the horizontally oriented 2D perovskite inhibit carrier transport, and thus, PCE is markedly suppressed when the 2D perovskite is thickened to improve stability. In this study, the orientation control of 2D perovskite on 3D perovskite was realized to overcome the tradeoff between stability and PCE of 2D/3D heterostructure. 2D perovskite fabricated on (110)-oriented MAPbI 2.5 Cl 0.5 was horizontally oriented to the substrate surface. In contrast, 2D perovskite fabricated on ( 200)/(112)-oriented MAPbI 3 was obliquely oriented at 45°to the substrate surface. The change of orientation angle in 2D perovskite strongly depended upon the predominant crystal orientation of 3D perovskite template. The tolerance of lattice matching between 3D and 2D perovskite must allow the orientation control. This work provides a universal strategy to improve the stability of perovskite solar cells demonstrating the high PCE.

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Protecting Perovskite Solar Cells against Moisture-Induced Degradation with Sputtered Inorganic Barrier Layers

Cited by 30 publications

References 74 publications

Perovskite Solar Cells Go Bifacial—Mutual Benefits for Efficiency and Durability

Perovskite Solar Cells Go Bifacial—Mutual Benefits for Efficiency and Durability

Encapsulation and Stability Testing of Perovskite Solar Cells for Real Life Applications

Orientation Control of 2D Perovskite in 2D/3D Heterostructure by Templated Growth on 3D Perovskite

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