Protection against bovine rotaviruses in newborn calves by continuous feeding of immune colostrum.

Tsunemitsu, Hiroshi; Shimizu, Mitsugu; Hirai, Tsunao; Yonemichi, Hiromi; Kudo, Takuji; Mori, Kiyokazu; Onoe, Sadao

doi:10.1292/jvms1939.51.300

Cited by 33 publications

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“…These colostrum antibody titers may be protective against BRV and K99 E. coli associated with calf diarrhea, as previous studies have described the protective antibody titers against experimental BRV and K99 E. coli challenge [1,7,8,10,14,18]. However, it was unclear that this vaccine was effective in the prevention of outbreaks of calf diarrhea in the field.…”

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“…During the first few weeks of life, calves acquire maternal antibodies from colostrum and milk, which can exert a local protective effect against enteropathogens in the gut as passive immunity. Previous studies demonstrated that continuous feeding of colostrum from immunized cows prevented severe diarrhea and death in calves [1,10,12,14,18]. In North America and Europe, various maternal vaccines against calf diarrhea to enhance antibody titers in the colostrum and milk of cows have been developed [7,11,14,17,20].…”

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Enhancement of Passive Immunity with Maternal Vaccine against Newborn Calf Diarrhea.

Kohara

Hirai

Mori

et al. 1997

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. The effects of a maternal vaccine against newborn calf diarrhea associated with group A bovine rotavirus (BRV), bovine coronavirus (BCV), bovine parvovirus and K99 Escherichia coli (E.coli) were examined on a beef cow-calf herd. After vaccination, serum or colostrum antibody titers to BRV, BCV and E. coli K99 in the vaccinated cows were significantly higher than those in unvaccinated control cows. Serum antibody titers to BRV, BCV and E. coli K99 in calves from the vaccinated cows were also significantly higher than those in calves from the control cows for 3-4 weeks after birth. These results suggested that the immunization of cows with the maternal vaccine enhanced the passive immunity levels in calves against BRV, BCV and K99 E. coli. -KEY WORDS: bovine coronavirus, bovine rotavirus, K99 Escherichia coli.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 59(11): 1023-1025, 1997 the first vaccination, the second booster injection was given in the same manner. The remaining 48 cows served as unvaccinated controls. The calves from the vaccinated and control cows were observed for clinical signs once daily. Serum samples were collected from the vaccinated cows at vaccination, at calving and post-calving days 2, 7 and 28, and from the control cows at times corresponding to sampling in the vaccinated cows. Colostrum and milk samples were collected from all the cows on the day of calving and post-calving days 2, 7 and 28. Serum and feces were taken from all the calves on days 2, 7, 21 and 28 after birth. Feces were also obtained when these calves developed diarrhea. The fecal suspensions were examined for enteric viruses by electron microscopy [2], and group A BRV was also detected by a latex agglutination test (Rotalex; Orion Diagnosis, Espoo, Finland). Virus-neutralizing antibody titers to NCDV (G6) and KK3 (G10) strains of group A BRV in serum and milk samples were determined by a fluorescence focus neutralizing (FFN) test with MA104 cells as described previously [9]. The virus-neutralizing antibody titers to the Mebus strain of BCV and the BF-15 strain of BPV were determined by CPE inhibition tests with HRT-18 cells and BT cells, respectively [15,19]. E. coli K99 antibody titers were determined by a passive hemagglutination test [8]. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using the Student's t-test and the χ 2 test.Abortions and other adverse reactions were not observed in the 48 vaccinated pregnant cows. At the first vaccination, there were no differences in serum antibody titers to BRV, BCV, BPV and E. coli K99 between the vaccinated and control cows. At the second vaccination, serum antibody titers to both G serotypes of BRV, BCV and E. coli K99 in the vaccinated cows increased and were higher than those of controls (P<0.05) ( Table 1). Colostrum antibody titers to both serotypes of BRV and E. coli K99 in the vaccinated cows were higher than those of control cows (P<0.05). For 3-4 weeks after birth, the calves from the vaccinated cows

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Enhancement of Passive Immunity with Maternal Vaccine against Newborn Calf Diarrhea.

Kohara

Hirai

Mori

et al. 1997

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…Por outro lado, tem sido atribuído papel de proteção local aos anticorpos existentes no colostro fornecido suplementarmente aos bezerros, os quais protegeriam a mucosa intestinal do ataque patogênico pela aderência a mesma, levando a menores incidências de diarréia (SNODGRASS et al, 1980;SAIF et al, 1983;SAIF & SMITH, 1985;BELLINZONI et al, 1989;CASTRUCCI et al, 1989;TSUNEMITSU et al, 1989).…”

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Efeito de diferentes manejos de fornecimento prolongado de colostro sobre os níveis de proteína e albúmina séricas e desempenho de bezerras recém-nascidas

Daniele

Neto

Baracat

et al. 1994

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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RESUMO:Os níveis séricos de proteína total e albúmina e o desempenho de bezerras holandesas foram estudados utilizando-se 24 animais recém-nascidos em um delineamento experimental inteiramente ao acaso em parcelas subdivididas, com três tratamentos à base de leite e colostro suplementar, a saber: tratamento l -colostro materno no 1° dia de vida (idem para tratamentos 2 e 3) e 2 litros de leite pela manhã e 2 litros de leite à tarde, do 2° dia de vida até o 30° dia de vida; tratamento 2 -fornecimento de 0,8 litros de leite + 1,2 litros de colostro pela manhã e 2 litros de leite à tarde, até 30 dias de idade; tratamento 3 -fornecimento de 1,4 litros de leite + 0,6 litros de colostro pela manhã e igual dieta à tarde, até 30 dias de idade. Amostras de sangue foram coletadas aos 3, 5, 10, 15,17, 20, 22, 25, 30, 40, 50 e 60 dias de vida e analisadas quanto à concentração de proteína total e albúmina séricas.Os animais foram pesados ao nascer e aos 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50 e 60 dias de idade. Os animais do tratamento 3 (colostro duas vezes/dia) tiveram concentração de proteína total sérica superior (p * 0,05) a dos animais do tratamento l (leite). O nível sérico de proteína total variou entre idades experimentais (p * 0,0001). Houve redução da concentração de proteína total durante o período experimental (r 2 = 0,98). A albúmina sérica não diferiu entre as idades experimentais, havendo porém, diferença entre tratamentos, sendo que os animais do tratamento 2 (colostro uma vez/dia) superaram (p * 0,05) os do tratamento l (leite) em relação a está variável. O ganho de peso no periodo foi maior (p * 0,05) no tratamento 3 (colostro duas vezes/dia) do que no tratamento l (leite). Concluiu-se que o fornecimento de colostro suplementar misturado ao leite duas vezes ao dia proporcionou melhor desempenho das bezerras, evidenciando o seu alto valor nutricional. Descritores: Albúmina sérica, bezerras, colostro suplementar, desempenho, imunidade, proteína total sérica. EFFECT OF DIFFERENT FEEDING PROGRAMS EMPLOYING SUPPLEMENTAL COLOSTRUM ON SERUM TOTAL PROTEIN AND ALBUMIN, AND PERFORMANCE OF NEWBORN CALVESABSTRACT: The serum total protein and albumin concentrations and the performance under different milk feeding programs were evaluated in twenty-four female Holstein newborn calves, randomly allocated in three treatments. The animals were daily fed milk or supplemental colostrum, in different feeding programs during the first thirty days of Ufe. Blood samples were collected at 3; 5;10; 15; 17; 20; 22; 25; 30; 40; 50 and 60 days of age and analysed for serum total protein and serum albumin. Animals were weighed at 0; 5; 10; 15; 20; 25; 30; 40; 50 and 60 days after birth. In the first sixty days, the serum total protein concentration in treatment 3 (colostrum fed twice a day) was higher (p * 0.05) than in treatment 1 (milk). The concentration of serum was also different at different ages (p * 0.0001). During the experimental period the total protein decreased (equation r 2 = 0.98). Serum albumin levels were similar at all ages,...

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“…Studies on passive immunity have demonstrated that continuous feeding of colostrum or milk containing rotavirus-specific antibodies prevented the BRV disease in calves, which is called lactogenic immunity [8,11,12,14,16,17]. Additionally, circulating maternal BRV-specific antibodies in newborn calves appeared in the gastrointestinal tract, and these antibodies could prevent infection and diarrhea after BRV challenge [1,2].…”

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Correlation between Maternal Serum Antibodies and Protection against Bovine Rotavirus Diarrhea in Calves.

Kohara¹,

Tsunemitsu

2000

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. The correlation between maternal serum antibodies in beef calves at 2 days old and protection against diarrhea induced by natural bovine rotavirus (BRV) infection was examined. Virus neutralizing (VN) antibody titers against BRV in sera from calves that developed diarrhea by BRV infection within 14 days of age (BRV-diarrheal calves) were significantly lower than those from calves that had no diarrhea. In the BRV-diarrheal calves, a positive correlation was found between the VN antibody titers and age of the onset of diarrhea. There were negative correlations between the VN antibody titers and duration of the diarrhea, VN antibody titers and cumulative diarrhea scores, and the VN antibody titers and duration of virus shedding. These results suggest that the VN antibody titers against BRV in newborn calf serum could be an indicator of protection against BRV-induced diarrhea. fecal samples (34.1%), and 30 of these samples were negative for other pathogenic agents. The remaining 16 samples were also positive for bovine coronavirus or Cryptosporidium spp. Thirty calves from which BRV was only detected in the feces (BRV-diarrheal calves) were monitored daily for signs of diarrhea. The fecal samples were obtained from these calves daily while they shed BRV. Fecal score was determined as follows: 0=normal, 1=soft, 2=pasty, 3=semi-liquid, and 4=watery feces. The daily fecal score was totaled as a cumulative diarrhea score to determine the severity of the diarrhea in each calf. Serum samples were collected from all calves on day 2 after birth to examine the transfer of maternal antibodies to the calves. The total IgG concentrations in the sera were measured by a single radial immunodiffusion assay (Saikin kagaku, Japan).VN antibody titers against the Lincoln strain (G6 P[1]) of BRV in calf sera were determined by fluorescent focus neutralization (FFN) tests with MA104 cells [10]. The antibody titers were expressed as the reciprocal of the highest serum dilution that resulted in an 80% or greater reduction of fluorescent foci.Significant differences in the VN antibody titers and IgG concentrations between the BRV-diarrheal calves and normal calves were determined by a Student's t-test.

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Protection against bovine rotaviruses in newborn calves by continuous feeding of immune colostrum.

Cited by 33 publications

References 0 publications

Enhancement of Passive Immunity with Maternal Vaccine against Newborn Calf Diarrhea.

Enhancement of Passive Immunity with Maternal Vaccine against Newborn Calf Diarrhea.

Efeito de diferentes manejos de fornecimento prolongado de colostro sobre os níveis de proteína e albúmina séricas e desempenho de bezerras recém-nascidas

Correlation between Maternal Serum Antibodies and Protection against Bovine Rotavirus Diarrhea in Calves.

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