Protection against genotoxic damages following whole body gamma radiation exposure in mice by lipoic acid

Radioprotective Effects of Gallic Acid in Mice

“…The parameter tail moment (TM) is the product of tail length and the fraction of total DNA in the tail, and OTM is defined as the fraction of tail DNA multiplied by the distance between the profile centres of gravity for DNA in head and tail. OTM incorporates a measure of both the smallest detectable size of migrating DNA (reflected in the comet tail length) and the number of relaxed/broken pieces (represented by the intensity of DNA in the tail) [9]. Results are given as mean ± SD.…”

“…The deleterious consequences of exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation such as gene mutations and cancer stem from radiation-induced genotoxicity. The ability of a compound to offer protection against genomic insults resulting from the low doses of whole body radiation exposure could be monitored by alkaline comet assay, micronucleus assay, and chromosomal aberration analysis [9]. …”

Bioprotective Carnitinoids: Lipoic Acid, Butyrate, and Mitochondria‐Targeting to Treat Radiation Injury: Mitochondrial Drugs Come of Age

“…2) in mitochondria [Stacpoole, 2012;Mayr et al, 2014]. It is an essential compound present in all tissues, including brain [de Boer and Houten, 2014;Sutendra et al, 2014], playing a vital role in recycling vitamins C and E, increasing cellular levels of glutathione, and suppressing nonenzymatic glycation of proteins [Ramachandran and Nair, 2011]. When ingested, ALA is easily absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract, crosses the blood-brain barrier, and was demonstrated to be safe and nontoxic at high doses (clinical trial doses up to 1,800 mg/d without any adverse reactions [Koh et al, 2011;Mecocci and Polidori, 2012]; rat LD 50 : greater than 2,000 mg/kg [Cremer et al, 2006a[Cremer et al, , 2006b).…”

Plant Extracts and Plant-Derived Compounds: Promising Players in Countermeasure Strategy Against Radiological Exposure: A Review

“…has been known to cause different types of effects in biological systems ranging from oxidative damages caused by ionization products, free radicals, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) to damages to DNA and its interaction with macromolecules such as proteins (Chen et al, 2007;Swarts et al, 2007;Sharma et al, 2008;2009;Shuryak and Brenner, 2010;Cramers et al, 2011;Ramachandran and Nair, 2011;Sharan et al, 2011;Mukherjee et al, 2012;Barg et al, 2013;Francois et al, 2013). The interactions of these agents with cells has been shown to cause alterations in the gene expression pattern, mutations, weakening of repair mechanisms (Little, 2000;Sharma et al, 2009;Cramers et al, 2011;Mukherjee et al, 2012;Francois et al, 2013;Mikhailenko et al, 2013).…”