Protection against influenza virus infection by intranasal vaccine with surf clam microparticles (SMP) as an adjuvant

Abstract

A safe and effective adjuvant is necessary to enhance mucosal immune responses for the development of an inactivated intranasal influenza vaccine. The present study demonstrated the effectiveness of surf clam microparticles (SMP) derived from natural surf clams as an adjuvant for an intranasal influenza vaccine. The adjuvant effect of SMP was examined when co-administered intranasally with inactivated A/PR8 (H1N1) influenza virus hemagglutinin vaccine in BALB/c mice. Administration of the vaccine with SMP induced a high anti-PR8 haemagglutinin (HA)-specific immunoglobulin A (IgA) response in the nasal wash and immunoglobulin G (IgG) response in the serum, resulting in protection against both nasal-restricted infection and lethal lung infection by A/PR8 virus. In addition, administration of SMP with A/Yamagata (H1N1), A/Beijing (H1N1), or A/Guizhou (H3N2) vaccine conferred complete protection against A/PR8 virus challenge in the nasal infection model, suggesting that SMP adjuvanted vaccine can confer cross-protection against variant influenza viruses. The use of SMP is suggested as a new safe and effective mucosal adjuvant for nasal vaccination against influenza virus infection.

Prophylactic effects of chitin microparticles on highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus

“…These findings were consistent with results showing the protective effects against avirulent influenza virus (A/ PR8, H1N1) infection in mice by intranasal administration of chitin microparticles into the lung (unpublished data by P. Strong). It is previously reported that chitin microparticles had a mucosal adjuvant effect when coadministered with an influenza hemagglutinin vaccine and increased both the mucosal and systemic humoral responses that provided complete protection against challenge with the homologous influenza virus H1N1 or H5N1 in mice Asahi-Ozaki et al, 2006;Ichinohe et al, 2006]. The current study demonstrates hitherto unrecognized effects of chitin microparticles in enhancing innate protection against infection with a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus strain.…”

“…This prophylactic effect is elicited by activation of natural killer cells and regulation of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and interferon-gamma-inducible protein-10 (IP-10). The adjuvant effects of chitin microparticles are also expected Asahi-Ozaki et al, 2006;Ichinohe et al, 2006] in inducing adaptive immunity following infection. Identification of therapeutic innate immunity enhancing agents such as chitin microparticles may lead to antiviral strategies against the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus and may have relevance as part of a first line defense against H5N1 outbreaks.…”

A lack of antibody formation against inactivated influenza virus after aerosol vaccination in presence or absence of adjuvantia

“…It has been reported in different mouse studies that i.n. vaccination with adjuvanted WIV (Joo et al, 2010) or split viruses (Ichinohe et al, 2005;Ichinohe et al, 2006;Saluja et al, 2010) effective induction of serum IgG titers (Tseng et al, 2009). …”

Induction of cross‐protective immunity against influenza A virus H5N1 by an intranasal vaccine with extracts of mushroom mycelia

“…Although these toxins effectively provoke mucosal immune responses, they elicit adverse clinical side effects, such as nasal discharge and the facial paralysis of Bell's palsy [Mutsch et al, 2004]. Therefore, other adjuvants that are both effective and safe for human use have been developed for clinical application with intranasal influenza vaccine [Coulter et al, 2003;Hasegawa et al, 2005;Ichinohe et al, 2005Ichinohe et al, , 2006Ichinohe et al, , 2007aAsahi-Ozaki et al, 2006].…”