Protection at the speed of light: Arc-flash protection combining arc flash sensing and arc-resistant technologies

Kay, John; Arvola, Juha; Kumpulainen, Lauri

doi:10.1109/pcicon.2009.5297148

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The plasma is responsible for giving the arc its characteristic "flash" and contains the biggest part of the arc energy [20]. The high temperature, often compared to the temperature of the surface of the sun [16], brings about melting and evaporation of the conductors and other materials in the vicinity. This further increases pressure and temperature of the area near the arc.…”

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Determine the Electrode Configuration and Sensitivity of the Enclosure Dimensions When Performing Arc Flash Analysis

Zia

Papasani

Rosewater

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. on Ind. Applicat.

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Arc flash hazard prediction methods have become more sophisticated because the knowledge about arc flash phenomenon has advanced since the publication of IEEE Std. 1584-2002. The IEEE Std. 1584-2018 has added parameters for more accurate arc flash incident energy (IE), arcing current, and protection boundary estimation. The parameters in the updated estimation models include electrode configuration, open circuit voltage, bolted fault current, arc duration, gap width, working distance, and enclosure dimension. The sensitivity and effect changes of other parameters have been discussed in the previous literatures. This article explains the fundamental theory on the selection of electrode configurations and performs sensitivity analysis of the enclosure dimension that have been introduced in the IEEE Std. 1584-2018. According to the newly published model for IE estimation, the IE between vertical conductors inside a metal box (VCB) and horizontal conductors inside a metal box (HCB) can differ by a factor of two with other parameter constants. Using HCB as the worst-case scenario to determine the personal protection requirements may not be the best practice in all circumstances. This article provides guidance for electrode configuration selection and a sensitivity analysis for determining a reasonable engineering margin when actual dimension is not available. Index Terms-Arc flash, electrode configuration, enclosure dimensions, incident energy (IE), plasma trajectory. I. INTRODUCTION A N ELECTRIC arc is formed when two physically separated and energized conducting bodies transfer charge through air [21].

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confidence: 99%