Protection of 18th century paper using antimicrobial nano-magnesium oxide

Polyoxometalate‐Ionic Liquids (POM‐ILs) as Anticorrosion and Antibacterial Coatings for Natural Stones

“…or as biocides to prevent biofilm formation on the stone surface. [6] Over recent years, metal oxide nanoparticles have received increased attention as antimicrobial agents, [6,7] as they feature higher environmental stability than organic antimicrobial agents and act against a broad range of microorganisms, reducing the development of antimicrobial resistance. [8] Recently, ionic liquids (ILs, i.e.…”

Preventing fungal growth on heritage paper with antifungal and cellulase inhibiting magnesium oxide nanoparticles

“…th century heritage paper samples. The 12 nm diameter MgO NPs were prepared using a sol-gel synthesis 51 according to our previously reported experimental procedure, 52 which provided sufficient control of the nanoparticle size and morphology ( Figure 1). Further characterization of the nanoparticles can be found in our previous report.…”

“…Further characterization of the nanoparticles can be found in our previous report. 52 MgO NPs are particularly interesting due to their low cost and environmental friendly characteristics. 53 They possess antibacterial properties resulting from two proposed mechanisms of action: one mediated by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which induces oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in bacteria, 44 and non-ROS mediated mechanisms.…”

“…MgO nanoparticles were synthesized by sol-gel method through a modification of protocols already reported in literature. 52 Briefly, 7.2 mL of magnesium methoxide, Mg(OCH3)2, (4.8 mmol) were added to 40 mL of absolute ethanol under ultrasonication and subsequently 1.8 mL of water (100 mmol) were added to the mixture. The sol was sonicated for 30 minutes and then kept for 36 h under gentle stirring to facilitate gelification.…”

Perspectives for antimicrobial nanomaterials in cultural heritage conservation

“…Of course, products based on nano-silver and nano-titania are studied frequently, but a variety of other readily available multifunctional nanomaterials have been shown to serve as alternative solutions to heritage biodeterioration issues. [9][10][11] In this review, we provide a critical summary of the state of the art in traditional and nanomaterials-based antimicrobial treatments for heritage items from a multidisciplinary perspective in order to include key considerations from the heritage conservation-restoration, materials science, and microbiological standpoints. We aim to provide an overview and comprehensive analysis of the principal and most effective nanomaterial types and the most appropriate analytical biochemical techniques that can be used to accurately evaluate their antimicrobial properties, both in vitro in laboratory cell cultures under model conditions and in situ applied to samples in realistic settings.…”