Protection of Grain Sorghum (<i>Sorghum bicolor</i>) from Chloroacetanilide Herbicide Injury

Roeth, Fred W.; Burnside, O. C.; Wicks, G. A.

doi:10.1017/s0043174500069198

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…However, our greenhouse results show that atrazine at 1.12 kg/ha reduced growth of grain sorghum in the absence of any visible damage. Although studies showed that cyometrinil can protect grain sorghum against damage by metolachlor and alachlor (11,29), some reports indicated these herbi cides reduced grain sorghum growth even in the presence of this safener (15,17). Our results agree with those of the latter and show that metolachlor and alachlor caused re ductions in all growth parameters that were determined at plant maturity (Table 2).…”

Section: • Control • Atrazi Ne E3 M E T O L a C H L O R E3 Atr + M E supporting

confidence: 90%

Effects of Grain Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)Herbicides on Charcoal Rot Fungus

1995

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Laboratory and greenhouse studies examined effects of atrazine, alachlor, and metolachlor on growth and colonization of grain sorghum roots byMacrophomina phaseolina, causal fungus for charcoal rot disease. In laboratory studies, all three herbicides reduced fungal colony diameter and increased production of microsclerotia. Alachlor and metolachlor reduced germination of fungal microsclerotia. Atrazine did not affect microsclerotia germination, but lessened the effects of alachlor and metolachlor on germination when applied in combination. In greenhouse studies, atrazine reduced numbers ofM. phaseolinamicrosclerotia recovered from soil after 8 wk, and this resulted in reduced colonization of roots by this fungus at harvest. Colonization of grain sorghum roots byM. phaseolinawas not affected by alachlor or metolachlor. Grain sorghum growth was reduced by atrazine at all intervals and by alachlor and metolachlor at harvest, despite use of seed safened with cyometrinil.

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Section: • Control • Atrazi Ne E3 M E T O L a C H L O R E3 Atr + M E supporting

confidence: 90%

Effects of Grain Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)Herbicides on Charcoal Rot Fungus

1995

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“…Acetochlor + 2,4-D, cyanazine + aceto chlor, and cyanazine at 2.7 kg/ha reduced stands when ap plied at planting but not when applied 25 or 45 days prior to planting (Table 2). Acetochlor at 3.4 kg/ha reduced sor- ghum stands in other research in Nebraska on soil where the seedbed was prepared by tillage (8). Apparently the seed safener CGA-92194 was not satisfactory in protecting the sorghum seed from acetochlor injury, but it did provide protection from alachlor and metolachlor injury.…”

Section: Sorghum Populationmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Herbicides need to be applied several days ahead of planting in order to spread the workload and reduce weed control problems. Safeners have become available to protect sorghum seed from acetanilide injury (5,8), which allows use of these herbicides that effectively control grass weeds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Application of Herbicides for No-Till Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) in Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Stubble

Wicks

1985

Weed sci.

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Research on the timing of herbicide application on no-till sorghum [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench.] planted into undisturbed winter wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) stubble was conducted at North Platte, NE, during 1980–1982. Applying some herbicides 41 and 25 days prior to planting sorghum maintained weed control, reduced sorghum injury, and increased sorghum yields when compared to application at planting. It was necessary to apply cyanazine {2-[[4-chloro-6-(ethylamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino]-2-methylpropanenitrile} at 2.7 kg ai/ha 41 days prior to planting to avoid sorghum injury. Metolachlor [2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)acetamide] + 2,4-D [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid] at 2.2 + 0.3 kg/ha reduced grass yields 97, 98, and 99%, while reduction with alachlor [2-chloro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-N-(methoxymethyl)acetamide] + 2,4-D at 2.8 + 0.3 kg/ha was 93, 41, and 63%, respectively, when herbicides were applied 0, 25, and 41 days prior to planting.

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“…There are no published reports of these specific herbicides causing injury to white oaks but all have caused injury to other plant species. Preemergent applications of acetochlor have injured sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] (Roeth et al, 1983). Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum leucantheum L.) and kale and collards (Brassica oleracea L. var.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Injury on White Oak Seedlings from Herbicide Exposure Simulating Drift

Samtani¹,

Masiunas²,

Appleby³

2008

horts

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Herbicide drift to landscape and woodland trees is a particular concern in midwestern United States where the topography is relatively flat, large-scale agriculture relies on herbicides, and housing developments and woodlands are intermingled with agricultural fields. Recently, leaf abnormalities (called leaf tatters) have been reported on white oak (Quercus alba L.). We evaluated the effects of field corn herbicides on white oak at the swollen bud, leaf unfolding, and expanded leaf stages. Container-grown white oak seedlings were treated with 1%, 10%, and 25% standard field use rates of 2,4-D isooctyl ester, glyphosate, 2,4-D isooctyl ester + glyphosate, dicamba, acetochlor + atrazine, and metolachlor. Loss of interveinal tissues (leaf tatters) occurred after treatment with the chloroacetanilide herbicides, acetochlor (+ atrazine) and metolachlor, only when oaks were in the leaf unfolding stage. No other herbicide caused tatter-like symptoms. Dicamba and 2,4-D ester applied at the leaf unfolding stage caused leaf cupping, downward rolling of leaf margins, elongation of leaf tips, leaf strapping with parallel veination, and initial leaf cupping followed by death of the growing point. Glyphosate applied at either the leaf unfolding or expanded leaf stage caused leaf chlorosis and necrosis, leaf tip browning, and curling of leaves. Herbicide applications near white oak should be timed before leaf unfolding or after the expanded leaf stages.

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Protection of Grain Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) from Chloroacetanilide Herbicide Injury

Cited by 8 publications

References 7 publications

Effects of Grain Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)Herbicides on Charcoal Rot Fungus

Effects of Grain Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)Herbicides on Charcoal Rot Fungus

Early Application of Herbicides for No-Till Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) in Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Stubble

Injury on White Oak Seedlings from Herbicide Exposure Simulating Drift

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