Protection of series compensated transmission line: Issues and state of art

Fault location determination for transmission lines with different series-compensation levels using transient frequencies

“…Each technique has different advantages. Control over the line's power flow can be better achieved by electronically controlled series compensation [3]. However, this may influence the load current, as well as certain system parameters such as line impedance [3].…”

“…Control over the line's power flow can be better achieved by electronically controlled series compensation [3]. However, this may influence the load current, as well as certain system parameters such as line impedance [3]. Therefore, in this study, a fixed-capacitor series-compensation model, which is preferred in common usage, is considered in the simulations.…”

“…MOVs are circuit elements that offer capacitors protection against high voltages [1,[3][4][5][6][7][8]. In the seriescompensation model, the line current is divided into two components: the capacitor and the MOV currents.…”

Development of ANN Based Relay Algorithm for Protection of Series Compensated Transmission Line

“…Use of artificial intelligence techniques can take care of these problems [3]. One recent paper reports the use of artificial neural network (ANN) for uncompensated transmission line [4].…”

Novel high performance DC reactor type fault current limiter

“…Such transient phenomenon will shorten the lifetime of distribution network equipments, and may damage circuit breakers or electromagnetic switches. Moreover, the fault current may cause an abnormal operation of transformers and sensitive loads, and results in lower power quality [1][2][3][4]. Various approaches have been proposed for limiting the fault current and preventing the insulation failure problems, such as employing single-use fuse [5][6][7], series current limiting reactor [8], series transformer [9], and also superconductive limiter [10][11][12].…”