Protection of Swiss albino mice against whole-body gamma irradiation by diltiazem

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the radioprotective effect of diltiazem (DTZ) on Swiss albino mice exposed to gamma radiation. In the present study, radioprotective efficacy of DTZ (a calcium channel blocker) was studied against radiation induced haematological and biochemical alterations. Swiss albino mice of 6-8 weeks old were administered diltiazem (100 mg kg(-1) by weight) intraperitoneally prior to whole body gamma-irradiation (7.5 Gy). Radiation exposure resulted in a significant decline in different bone marrow cells (pro- and normoblasts) and blood constituents (erythrocytes, leukocytes, differential leukocyte count, haematocrit, haemoglobin and erythrocyte sedimentation rate). Pro- and normoblasts, erythrocytes, leukocytes, haematocrit and haemoglobin values showed a significant (p<0.0051) decline until day 3, following a gradual recovery from day 7, but normal values were not recorded until 28 days post-exposure. In contrast, erythropoietin levels increased significantly and reached a maximum on day 3. In DTZ pre-treated irradiated animals, a significant increase in pro- and normoblasts, erythrocytes, leukocytes, differential leukocyte count, haematocrit and haemoglobin values, and a significant decrease in erythropoietin values, were observed compared with control. A significant elevation above normal in lipid peroxidation level was recorded in gamma irradiated mice, whereas this increase was considerably less in DTZ pre-treated animals. Similarly, pre-treatment of DTZ caused a significant increase in erythropoietin and glutathione levels in serum in comparison with irradiated animals. From our study it is clear that DTZ provides protection against radiation-induced haematological and biochemical alterations in Swiss albino mice.

Immunological Enhancement of Interferon Alpha Treatment to Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation in Irradiated Rats

“…Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the best treatment for many primary immunodeficiencies (Bhattacharya et al, 2005). The present results discerned that BMT alone lead to a significant elevation in WBCs, RBCs and Hct% as compared to the control group after 35 days which comes in accordance with Nunia et al (2007). BMT post irradiation showed restoration of blood parameters.…”

“…The present study depicted a significant decrease in Hct and Hg by 5Gy γ-irradiation which indicates anaemia (Patil et al, 2000). This is attributed to the haemolysis of youngest red blood cells (Means, 1999) failure or decreased erythropoiesis (Nunia et al, 2007), destruction of mature cells, or increased plasma volume (Malhotra and Srivastava, 1978).…”

The Efficacy of Nardostachys Jatamansi Against The Radiation Induced Haematological Damage In Rats

“…Plant extracts such as Garlic, Ginsing, Aloe vera, Podophyllum, Ocimum, Spirulina, Mentha piperita and various herbal drug preparations have been found to have protective effects against the radiation induced disorders in mammals [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. In other studies which were done on Citrus extracts, the Hawthrown fruit extract, the Abana extract [12], diltiazem [13], hesperidin [14], the extract of Amaranthus paniculatus, Liv-52 [15], the methanolic extract of the Grewia asiatica fruit, Triphala [16], Curcuma longa (CurcuminDi-feruloyl-methane and curcuminoids) and the extracts of Terminalia arjuna, Terminalia chebula and Wagatia spicata have also demonstrated radio protective activities [17]. tained under well ventilated conditions of 12 hour light and dark cycles at a temperature of 24-28°C.…”

Long-term melatonin administration attenuates low-LET γ-radiation-induced lymphatic tissue injury during the reproductively active and inactive phases of Indian palm squirrels (Funambulus pennanti)

“…As F. pennanti is sensitive to seasonal changes and stressors, it is a suitable model for studying high-dose cradiation effects on the immune function under seasonally recurrent stressors. Reports regarding the destructive effect of low linear energy transfer (LET) ionising radiation in the lymphatic tissues of mammalian species, such as laboratory mice and rats [10,11], do exist, but studies in seasonal breeders are scarce. Previous studies in seasonal breeders involved only seasonal stress [12].…”