Protection philosophy for distribution grids with high penetration of distributed generation✰

Matos, S.P.S.; Vargas, Moya; Fracalossi, L.G.V.; Encarnação, Lucas Frizera; Batista, Oureste Elias

doi:10.1016/j.epsr.2021.107203

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The impedance matrix method uses the line Equations ( 10) and (11), thus considering a system with n nodes and x being the fault point; the calculation starts with the determination of the Z eq abc impedance matrix, from source to shorting point, obtained by calculating the Thevenin equivalent impedance, Z Th x , with the sum of the line impedances Z l abcn , as shown in (15). The post-fault source voltage, Vsabc , will be obtained from (16), where İf abc is the fault current, Z f abc is the fault impedance, Vf abcx is the fault point voltage, Vf gx is the reference line to ground fault voltage, and VGD abc is the voltage of one of the generators of the n-node system.…”

Section: Methods For Short Circuitmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Setting (16) in the matrix format, using the simplified product of the system admittance, given by Y, according to (17), we obtain (18), where the C variables vary from 0, −1 or 1, depending on the fault type, as shown in (19), which can be reduced to a three-element operation, represented by İP abc (post fault source current), C, and Ẋ f abc (voltage and current fault), as shown in (20).…”

Section: Methods For Short Circuitmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If these electrical quantities are outside the range of the curve, it is necessary to disconnect the DG from the system, conditions present in mode 6 (M 6 ), since the generator behavior will be outside the operation range defined by the standard [16]. The system remains in loop until the mode does not change and the values obtained are within the defined tolerance.…”

Section: Methods For Short Circuitmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Load Flow and Short-Circuit Methods for Grids Dominated by Inverter-Based Distributed Generation

2022

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The use of power-electronics-based devices in distribution generation seeks to improve energy quality and reduce costs. The inverter-based distributed generator, that works in different operation modes, has emerged as a promising technology. In a high distributed generation penetration scenario it is important to know the voltage profile and fault information due to the uncertainty in the generator operation and the impact that have on the network. This study aims to use two proposed methods of analysis: for power flow, based on backward/forward sweep method, and short-circuit, based on hybrid impedance matrix, that considers the inverter operation modes and represents each generator as a voltage-controlled current source. The chosen network is the IEEE 34-Node Test Feeder with a generator on each load per phase. The voltage profiles obtained will be validated with a Simulink/Matlab phasorial model. The results show an average error of 2.39% and a gain in voltage profile processing time of 2185.24%, making its use consistent for larger systems.

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Section: Methods For Short Circuitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methods For Short Circuitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methods For Short Circuitmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Load Flow and Short-Circuit Methods for Grids Dominated by Inverter-Based Distributed Generation

2022

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“…Using this strategy might be costly and unreliable. Other approaches are proposed, such as adaptive protection algorithms and regional protection schemes, which divide the microgrid into smaller grids based on directional protection [13].…”

Section: Protection System In Presence Of Dgmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Distributed Generation on Power System Protection

Almamari¹,

Albadi²

2024

RE&PQJ

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Distributed generation (DG) offers huge benefits to the power system network to cater to the rapidly growing demand for electric power. The integration of DG units into existing power networks is beneficial to both utilities and consumers. However, the installation of DG units in distribution networks might impose some operational, technical, and economic impacts. Increased short-circuit level and changes in load flow direction are examples of the technical issues arising from the high penetration of DG. Such issues will affect the existing protection system, mainly overcurrent relays. Thus, to ensure reliable and selective operation of protection relays, the impacts of DG should be considered. This paper discusses the impacts of DG on the protection systems by identifying various protection problems. The paper is complemented by a simulation case study on the impacts of DG on fault levels, protection coordination, and distance relays. The simulated system was modeled using DIgSILENT PowerFactory® software.

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“…Research into various aspects of distributed generation development has become a relevant topic in recent years. In [8][9][10][11][12][13], the authors consider the main advantages, system-wide effects, and issues related to the connection of distributed energy sources to distribution networks. Studies [14][15][16] cover the operation of power grids with DG, including power system protection, hourly load, and electric power quality of distributed generation devices [17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Methodological Approach to Assessing the Possible Effect of Distributed Generation Expansion on Regional Energy Supply Systems

Galperova

2021

Energy Systems Research

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One of the new challenges arising from the transition of the energy industry to the path of intelligent development is to assess the effect of distributed generation (DG) on the prospects for the development of regional energy supply systems. Such an assessment requires that the factors characterized by high uncertainty be taken into account. In this case, it is expedient to employ a combination of the optimization method with the Monte Carlo method. Such an approach has already been adopted in a model (computer program) developed at the Melentiev Energy Systems Institute, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. This model is designed to determine the rational mix of new power plants (with investment risks assessed and factored in) and the likely cost of electricity generation in a given aggregated region. We propose using this model as a source of projected data for an approximate assessment of the DG expansion, given the projected conditions for the energy sector and electric power industry development. It may also provide the basis for an array of research tools for relevant studies. The new toolkit requires a more detailed representation of the administrative division and the inclusion of consumers with their sources of electric power generation in the generating capacity. Although such an estimate is approximate, it can give an overall idea of the extent to which the cost and demand for electricity may vary under different options for the DG expansion in a region.

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Protection philosophy for distribution grids with high penetration of distributed generation✰

Cited by 25 publications

References 27 publications

Load Flow and Short-Circuit Methods for Grids Dominated by Inverter-Based Distributed Generation

Load Flow and Short-Circuit Methods for Grids Dominated by Inverter-Based Distributed Generation

Impacts of Distributed Generation on Power System Protection

A Methodological Approach to Assessing the Possible Effect of Distributed Generation Expansion on Regional Energy Supply Systems

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