Protective action of taurine, given as a pretreatment or as a posttreatment, against endotoxin-induced acute lung inflammation in hamsters

Abstract

To assess the effect of taurine on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis, female Golden Syrian hamsters were intratracheally instilled with bacterial LPS (0.02 mg in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) pH 7.4), before or after a 3-day intraperitoneal treatment with a single dose of taurine (50 mg/kg/day in PBS pH 7.4), and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue samples were collected at 24 hr after the last treatment. In comparison to BALF samples from animals receiving only PBS pH 7.4, and serving as controls, those of LPS-stimulated animals exhibited a higher count of both total leukocytes and neutrophils and increased expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1. In comparison to lungs from control animals, those from LPS-treated animals showed increased cellular apoptosis, lipid peroxidation, decreased glutathione levels, altered activities of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase) and focal inflammation confined to the parenchyma. A treatment with taurine was found to significantly attenuate all these alterations, with the protection being, in all instances, greater when given before rather than after LPS. The present results suggest that taurine is endowed with antiinflammatory and antioxidant properties that are protective in the lung against the deleterious actions of Gram negative bacterial endotoxin.

The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Taurine on Cardiovascular Disease

“…Rodents treated with taurine prior to and after bleomycin-induced acute lung injury showed an absence of pulmonary fibrosis and reduced inflammation markers, including iNOS, intracellular adhesion molecule, TNFα, NF-Kβ, and interleukin (IL) 2, when compared with the untreated group [127][128][129][130][131]. Similar anti-inflammatory effects of taurine have been replicated in endotoxin [132,133] and cigarette smoke [134] models of acute lung injury. After spinal cord injuries, treatment with taurine was able to reduce inflammation, decrease accumulation of neutrophils and secondary degenerative consequences in gray matter, attenuate motor disturbances, and promote axonal regeneration [135,136].…”

Nutraceutical Strategies for Suppressing NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation: Pertinence to the Management of COVID-19 and Beyond

“…A fall in serum levels of H 2 S has been associated with increased mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, whereas these serum levels correlate inversely with the inflammation markers interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein, known markers for an adverse outcome; hence, nutraceuticals that support H 2 S production may have a protective anti-inflammatory impact in this syndrome [255]. It is of possible relevance that taurine administration has been shown to exert anti-inflammatory activity when the lungs of rodents have been challenged with endotoxin or various other pro-inflammatory agents [256][257][258]. Similar effects have been reported with phycocyanin, glucosamine, berberine, lipoic and ferulic acids, melatonin, and N-acetylcysteine [259][260][261][262][263][264][265].…”

Differential protection of pre- versus post-treatment with curcumin, Trolox, and N -acetylcysteine against acrylonitrile-induced cytotoxicity in primary rat astrocytes

“…Taurine was shown to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, when given as a pre-treatment rather than post-treatment (Boşgelmez et al, 2008;Bhavsar et al, 2010).…”