Protective and therapeutic effectiveness of taurine supplementation plus low calorie diet on metabolic parameters and endothelial markers in patients with diabetes mellitus: a randomized, clinical trial

Abstract

Background Taurine supplementation as a sulfur-containing amino acid may attenuate and/or alleviate diabetes-induced complications and endothelial dysfunction via its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Our purpose was to investigate the effect of Taurine supplementation on endothelial dysfunction markers, oxidative stress, inflammation, and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods In the current clinical trial, 120 patients with T2DM were randomly allocated to take either Taurine (containing 1 g Taurine, n = 60) or placebo (n = 60) three times per day for an eight-week period. Moreover, all patients were on a low-calorie diet. The primary outcome was fasting blood glucose (FBG) and endothelial markers including sera intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM), and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9). The secondary outcome was dietary intake, anthropometric indices, serum insulin and Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), malondialdehyde (MDA), and lipid profile. Results After 8 weeks, Taurine-supplemented patients had a considerable decrease in serum insulin and HOMA-IR compared to placebo group. However, Taurine supplementation did not improve other metabolic parameters including lipid profiles, glycated hemoglobin, and fasting blood glucose (FBG). There was a significant decline in MDA, TNF, and hs-CRP levels after these eight-week period of Taurine supplementation. In addition, the Taurine group had fewer serum levels of endothelial dysfunction markers than the placebo group. Conclusions The evidence from our study revealed that Taurine supplementation significantly reduced insulin and HOMA-IR, as well as oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial markers in individuals with T2DM. Trial registration The protocol of the study was recorded in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20180712040438N3).

Plasma taurine level is linked to symptom burden and clinical outcomes in post-COVID condition

“…In conclusion, we demonstrated that taurine plays a critical role in the manifestation of symptoms and incidence of adverse clinical outcomes in the PCC. Taurine supplementation has demonstrated diverse therapeutic properties, including anti-oxidation, anti-aging, antiepileptic, cytoprotective, and cardioprotective effects in many diseases, including diabetes, obesity, and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) [ 21 , 48 – 52 ]. Taurine is currently approved for heart failure treatment in Japan, and no toxicity has been reported in this context of clinical use [ 53 ].…”

Effect of low-calorie diet on psoriasis severity index, triglycerides, liver enzymes, and quality of life in psoriatic patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

“…Based on the recommended intake of nutrients, a well-balanced low-calorie-diet meal plan (3 main meals per day) was introduced to each psoriatic man. Meal-plan macronutrients contained the following items: fats (20–30%), proteins (10–15%), carbohydrates (55–65%), dietary fiber, as well as fruits/vegetables [ 15 ]. Men were interviewed every week to follow, discuss, and monitor their adherence to the suggested low-calorie-diet meal plan.…”

What Nutraceuticals Can Do for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Lessons Learned from Amino Acid Supplementation in Mouse Models

“…No results of clinical trials of Tau supplementation have been reported for DMD either; however, studies in metabolic disorders have generated encouraging results. In type 2 diabetes mellitus patients on a low-calorie diet, placebo-controlled administration of 1 g Tau three times per day for 8 weeks lead to a considerable decrease in serum insulin, along with improvement in inflammatory and oxidative stress markers [90]. In an open-label, phase III trial in mitochondrial myopathy, 9 to 12 g Tau per day for 52 weeks effectively reduced the recurrence of stroke-like episodes in patients suffering from lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) [91].…”